ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2022
Effects of Antipsychotic Medications and Illness Duration on Brain Features That Distinguish Schizophrenia Patients.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Artificial intelligence approaches for schizophrenia prediction and its biomarkers using medical imaging data.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Neurostructural, Neurofunctional, and Clinical Features of Chronic, Untreated Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- Associating Multimodal Neuroimaging Abnormalities With the Transcriptome and Neurotransmitter Signatures in Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of meditation on clinical symptoms and gray matter volume in chronic schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Trial
- Childhood Trauma and Frontoparietal Network Connectivity During Working Memory Task Performance in Individuals With Schizophrenia and Healthy Participants.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Distinct brain volume abnormalities in clinical high-risk individuals: pre- and post-antipsychotic treatment.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Imaging Biomarker Studies of Antipsychotic-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia in China: Progress and Future Directions.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Improved patient identification by incorporating symptom severity in deep learning using neuroanatomic images in first episode schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Cross-cohort replicable resting-state functional connectivity in predicting symptoms and cognition of schizophrenia.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Shared and Disorder-Specific Alterations of Brain Temporal Dynamics in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and hypothesisPrevious studies have reported effects of antipsychotic treatment and illness duration on brain features. This study used a machine learning approach to examine whether these factors in aggregate impacted the utility of MRI features for differentiating individual schizophrenia patients from healthy controls. STUDY
designThis case-control study used patients with never-treated first-episode schizophrenia (FES, n = 179) and long-term ill schizophrenia (LTSZ, n = 30), with follow-up of the FES group after treatment (n = 71), a group of patients who had received long-term antipsychotic treatment (n = 93) and age and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 373) for each patient group. A multiple kernel learning classifier combining both structural and functional brain features was used to discriminate individual patients from controls. STUDY
resultsMRI features differentiated untreated FES (0.73) and LTSZ (0.83) patients from healthy controls with moderate accuracy, but accuracy was significantly higher in antipsychotic-treated FES (0.94) and LTSZ (0.98) patients. Treatment was associated with significantly increased accuracy of case identification in both early course and long-term ill patients (both p < .001). Effects of illness duration, examined separately in treated and untreated patients, were less robust.
conclusionsOur results demonstrate that initiation of antipsychotic treatment alters brain features in ways that further distinguish individual schizophrenia patients from healthy individuals, and have a modest effect of illness duration. Intrinsic illness-related brain alterations in untreated patients, regardless of illness duration, are not sufficiently robust for accurate identification of schizophrenia patients.
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