ArticleActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2022
Delivery mode and risk of gastrointestinal disease in the offspring.
Article in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Critical Period Microbiota Shape Brain Plasticity.Research square · 2026Article
- Crohn's Disease: From Immune Dysregulation to Intestinal Damage.Inflammation · 2026Review
- The Critical Period Microbiota Shape Brain Plasticity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal consequences of cesarean section birth: A systematic review of short- and long-term effects in infancy and beyond.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Mode of birth and risk of inflammatory bowel disease in offspring: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- Article
- Is the microbiome the cause of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease? Lessons to consider from odontology.International journal of colorectal disease · 2023Review
- Obstetric Considerations in Pregnant Women with Crohn's Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Delivery mode and risk of gastrointestinal disease in the offspring.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe global increase of individuals born by cesarean section with reported levels up to 20% of all deliveries, makes it important to study cesarean section and possible associations that can increase risk of subsequent diseases in children. The aim of the study was to evaluate if cesarean section is associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal disease later in life in a large population-based cohort. MATERIAL AND
methodsIn this national population-based cohort study including all full-term individuals registered in the Medical Birth Register in Sweden between 1990 and 2000, type of delivery (exposure) was collected from the Medical Birth Register. The study population was followed until 2017 with regards to the outcomes: inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), appendicitis, cholecystitis, or diverticulitis registered in the Swedish National Patient Register. Cox proportional-hazards models compared disease-free survival time between exposed and unexposed.
resultsThe final study population consisted of 1 102 468 individuals of whom 11.6% were delivered by cesarean section and 88.4% were vaginally delivered. In univariate analysis, cesarean section was associated with Crohn's disease (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.25), diverticulosis (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.13-2.18), and cholecystitis (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05-1.28). However, the increased risk only remained for Crohn's disease after adjustment for confounders (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.27). No associations between delivery mode and appendicitis, ulcerative colitis, cholecystitis, or diverticulosis were found in the multivariate analysis.
conclusionsCesarean section is associated with Crohn's disease later in life, but no other association between delivery mode and gastrointestinal disorders later in life could be found.
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