Trial reportActa neurologica Scandinavica2022
Cotinine levels influence the risk of rupture of brain aneurysms.
Trial report in Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Including Analysis by Sex: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Cotinine levels influence the risk of rupture of brain aneurysms.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2022Trial
- Research progress in medical imaging for intracranial aneurysms: technological advances in diagnosis, management, and clinical integration.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Untargeted metabolomics to detect and identify plasma metabolic signatures associated with intracranial aneurysm and its rupture.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Article
- Mendelian randomization demonstrates a causal link between peripheral circulating acylcarnitines and intracranial aneurysms.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Article
- Global burden of stroke attributable to secondhand smoke in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: analysis of the global burden of disease study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Causal relationships between human blood metabolites and intracranial aneurysm and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cotinine, the primary metabolite of nicotine, is currently regarded as the best biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure. We aim to assess whether cotinine levels are associated with (1) intracranial aneurysm and (2) intracranial aneurysm rupture.
methodsWe performed a single-center case-control study. Cases were consecutive patients admitted with diagnosis of brain aneurysm (ruptured or unruptured). We randomly selected controls without intracranial aneurysm from the same source population that produced the cases. Smoking data were collected by questionnaire, and serum levels of cotinine were used as an objective measure of nicotine exposure. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between cotinine levels and aneurysm rupture.
resultsWe included 86 patients with intracranial aneurysm and 96 controls. Smoking status (p < .001), cotinine levels (p = .009), and female sex (p = .006) were associated with diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm. In the multivariate analysis, controlling for sex, smoker status and age, levels of cotinine were independently associated with aneurysm rupture (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.10-2.13, p = .012).
conclusionsOur results suggest that high cotinine levels in smokers with brain aneurysm are significantly associated with high rupture risk, independently of smoker status, age, and sex.
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