ArticleImmunotherapy advances2022
Safety of the use of gold nanoparticles conjugated with proinsulin peptide and administered by hollow microneedles as an immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes.
Article in Immunotherapy advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02837094 (Enhanced Epidermal Antigen Specific Immunotherapy Trial -1), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Enhanced Epidermal Antigen Specific Immunotherapy Trial -1 (EE-ASI-1): A Phase 1a Study of Gold Nanoparticles Administered Intradermally by Microneedles to Deliver Immunotherapy With a Proinsulin Derived Peptide in Type 1 Diabetes
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical parameters and emerging biomarkers of partial remission in pediatric type 1 diabetes: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- A gold nanoparticle/peptide vaccine designed to induce SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells: a double-blind, randomized, phase 1 study in Switzerland.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Therapeutic strategies for ischemic heart disease with natural product-based nanomedicines.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Smart nanomaterials enabling drug delivery and glucose monitoring for diabetes management.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Immunoregulatory effects of TPM203 peptide-nanoparticle therapy in pemphigus vulgaris.The British journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Modulating immune response for the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Molecular Portrait of Autoantigens in Type 1 Diabetes.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Microneedle-nanoparticle hybrid platforms for metabolic syndrome: advances in point-of-care diagnostics and transdermal therapeutics.Discover nano · 2025Review
- Medical importance and pharmacokinetics of gold nanoparticles in the human body.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Peptide Modulation Overrides Glycan Synergy in Gold Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Novel Advances in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Recent advances in gold nanoparticle-graphene hybrid nanoplatforms with visible to near-infrared response for photodynamic and photothermal therapy and bioimaging.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Current nanocomposite advances for biomedical and environmental application diversity.Medicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- Gold Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: Unique Properties and Therapeutic Potential.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Nanomaterial-Enhanced Microneedles: Emerging Therapies for Diabetes and Obesity.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Evolving understanding of autoimmune mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies of autoimmune disorders.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Engineering antigen-presenting cells for immunotherapy of autoimmunity.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Advancing immunotherapy using biomaterials to control tissue, cellular, and molecular level immune signaling in skin.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)-Toxicity, Safety and Green Synthesis: A Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A Journey to Reach the Ovary Using Next-Generation Technologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
26 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antigen-specific immunotherapy is an immunomodulatory strategy for autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, in which patients are treated with autoantigens to promote immune tolerance, stop autoimmune β-cell destruction and prevent permanent dependence on exogenous insulin. In this study, human proinsulin peptide C19-A3 (known for its positive safety profile) was conjugated to ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (GNPs), an attractive drug delivery platform due to the potential anti-inflammatory properties of gold. We hypothesised that microneedle intradermal delivery of C19-A3 GNP may improve peptide pharmacokinetics and induce tolerogenic immunomodulation and proceeded to evaluate its safety and feasibility in a first-in-human trial. Allowing for the limitation of the small number of participants, intradermal administration of C19-A3 GNP appears safe and well tolerated in participants with type 1 diabetes. The associated prolonged skin retention of C19-A3 GNP after intradermal administration offers a number of possibilities to enhance its tolerogenic potential, which should be explored in future studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.