ReviewCureus2022
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in psoriatic arthritis patients.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Observational
- TNFR Pathway-Related Proteins and Recurrent Coronary Artery Disease Events.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Targeting lymphatic dysfunction in atherosclerosis: a state-of-the-art review on potential therapies and future directions.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Targeting of Inflammaging and Emerging Strategies for Managing Age-Related Multimorbidity: A Narrative Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Review
- Subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case cohort analysis from ELSA-Brasil.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2026Article
- Myocardial infarction in rheumatic diseases.Rheumatology international · 2025Review
- Utilization of Proteomic Measures for Early Detection of Drug Benefits and Adverse Effects.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Interplay of rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease: Insights and prospects.SAGE open medicine · 2025Review
- Sustained IL-6 and sTNF-αR1 levels after hip fracture predict 5-year mortality: A prospective cohort study from the Baltimore Hip Studies.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Article
- Chronic TNF in the aging microenvironment exacerbates Tet2 loss-of-function myeloid expansion.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Treating Cardiovascular Disease in the Inflammatory Setting of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Ongoing Challenge.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and traditional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a real-life evidence from BioSTAR nationwide registry.Rheumatology international · 2024Article
- Metabolic syndrome and psoriatic arthritis: the role of weight loss as a disease-modifying therapy.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Review
- Bimekizumab for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.Immunotherapy · 2024Review
- Improving Cardiovascular Risk in Postmenopausal Women with an (-)-Epicatechin-Based Nutraceutical: A Randomly Assigned, Double-Blind vs. Placebo, Proof-of-Concept Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of Hepatic Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Risk.Current cardiology reports · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular disease risk in patients with inflammatory arthritis nowadays still substantially elevated.RMD open · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiac Imaging in Inflammatory Arthritis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Rheumatoid arthritis increases the risk of heart failure-current evidence from genome-wide association studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that, if untreated or poorly controlled, can cause significant morbidity in terms of loss of physical function and higher mortality due to higher cardiovascular risk. The standard of care for this disease is the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, patients unable to reach low disease activity or remission and patients unable to tolerate conventional DMARDs will be switched to biologic therapy, a subset of which includes anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. Since tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi) inhibit the inflammatory cascade, they also play an essential role in dampening the progression of atherosclerosis and altering the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in RA. In this study, we assessed the risk of cardiovascular diseases, namely, congestive heart failure, nonfatal myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and coronary artery disease. We carried out the analysis by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and conducted a literature search utilizing the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library. Using the search strategy, we found a total of 19 articles that fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in addition to passing the risk of bias assessment. This is composed of three systematic reviews with meta-analyses, three randomized control studies, four narrative reviews, and nine cohort studies. In this systematic review, it was found that treatment with TNFi causes a corresponding reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events. This review encourages further dissection into the inner workings of TNFi in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with RA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.