Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35915495›Full record

ArticleRespiratory research2022

Effectiveness of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pediatric pneumonia confirmed by ultrasound: a matched case-control study.

William Checkley, Shakir Hossen, Eric D McCollum, Farhan Pervaiz, Catherine H Miele, Miguel A Chavez, Lawrence H Moulton, Nicole Simmons, Arunangshu D Roy, Nabidul H Chowdhury and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Respiratory research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact, top 86% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

William CheckleyDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument St, Room 555, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. wcheckl1@jhmi.edu.
Shakir HossenDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument St, Room 555, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Eric D McCollumDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Farhan PervaizDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument St, Room 555, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Catherine H MieleDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument St, Room 555, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Miguel A ChavezDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument St, Room 555, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Lawrence H MoultonDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Nicole SimmonsDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Arunangshu D RoyJohns Hopkins University -Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Nabidul H ChowdhuryJohns Hopkins University -Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Salahuddin AhmedJohns Hopkins University -Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Nazma BegumJohns Hopkins University -Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Abdul QuaiyumJohns Hopkins University -Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mathuram SantoshamDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Abdullah H BaquiDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Johns Hopkins University · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · US

Funding

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1084286Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1117483GlaxoSmithKline 90063241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBangladesh introduced the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) for children aged < 1 year in March 2015. Previous vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies for pneumonia have used invasive pneumococcal disease or chest X-rays. None have used ultrasound. We sought to determine the VE of PCV10 against sonographically-confirmed pneumonia in three subdistrict health complexes in Bangladesh.

methodsWe conducted a matched case-control study between July 2015 and September 2017 in three subdistricts of Sylhet, Bangladesh. Cases were vaccine-eligible children aged 3-35 months with sonographically-confirmed pneumonia, who were matched with two types of controls by age, sex, week of diagnosis, subdistrict health complex (clinic controls) or distance from subdistrict health complex (community controls) and had an illness unlikely due to Streptococcus pneumoniae (clinic controls) or were healthy (community controls). VE was measured using multivariable conditional logistic regression.

resultsWe evaluated 8926 children (average age 13.3 months, 58% boys) with clinical pneumonia by ultrasound; 2470 had pneumonia with consolidations ≥ 1 cm; 1893 pneumonia cases were matched with 4238 clinic controls; and 1832 were matched with 3636 community controls. VE increased with the threshold used for consolidation size on ultrasound: the adjusted VE of ≥ 2 doses vs. non-recipients of PCV10 against pneumonia increased from 15.8% (95% CI 1.6-28.0%) for consolidations ≥ 1 cm to 29.6% (12.8-43.2%) for consolidations ≥ 1.5 cm using clinic controls and from 2.7% (- 14.2-17.2%) to 23.5% (4.4-38.8%) using community controls, respectively.

conclusionsPCV10 was effective at reducing sonographically-confirmed pneumonia in children aged 3-35 months of age when compared to unvaccinated children. VE increased with the threshold used for consolidation size on ultrasound in clinic and community controls alike. This study provides evidence that lung ultrasound is a useful alternative to chest X-ray for case-control studies evaluating the effectiveness of vaccines against pneumonia.

Indexed as

PneumoniaPneumonia, PneumococcalBangladeshCase-Control StudiesChildFemaleHumansInfantMalePneumococcal Vaccines10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumococcal VaccinesChild healthPneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumoniaSouth AsiaUltrasoundVaccine effectiveness

Identifiers

PMID35915495
PMCPMC9341060
OpenAlexW4289172228

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.