ArticleBMC oral health2022
Three-dimensional evaluation of pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch in mouth and nasal breathing children with skeletal Class I and II.
Article in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dental arch dimension and palatal morphology in children and adolescents with mouth breathing: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Dimensions of The Maxillary Dental Arch and Hard Palate in Children With Class II and Large Overjet-A Case-Control Study.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- The interrelationship of TMJ morphology, craniofacial structure, and airway dimensions in patients with disc displacement.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- A longitudinal cohort study of sleep-disordered breathing in children: interrelationships with craniofacial morphology, malocclusion, and intervention outcomes.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Three dimensional palatal morphology and dentoalveolar differences after extraction and non extraction treatment in class II malocclusion.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long-term upper airway changes following mandibular advancement with or without maxillary setback in skeletal class II patients: a 2-year retrospective study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between condylar position and pharyngeal airway dimensions using 3D analysis across different skeletal patterns.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The effect of different micro-implant-assisted rapid palatal expanders designed digitally: a three-dimensional finite element analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Investigation of the effects of different rapid palatal expansion methods on the nasal passage and pharyngeal region.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between posture-dependent airway assessment in orthodontics: insights from kinetic MRI, cephalometric data, and three-dimensional MRI analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Clinical and Cephalometric Correlation between Mouth-breathing and Nasal-breathing Children.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2025Article
- Genetic and environmental impact on variation in the palatal dimensions in permanent dentition: a twin study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- A Study of the Facial Soft Tissue Morphology in Nasal- and Mouth-Breathing Patients.International dental journal · 2023Article
- Transverse maxillary dimensions and upper airway morphology in mouth- and nasal-breathing children aged 10-12 years: A CBCT-based study.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
- Facial soft tissue changes and volumetric analysis of upper airways in patients undergoing surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion using a transpalatal distractor.Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the subjects with mouth breathing (MB) or nasal breathing (NB) with different sagittal skeletal patterns showed different maxillary arch and pharyngeal airway characteristics.
methodsCone-beam computed tomography scans from 70 children aged 10 to 12 years with sagittal skeletal Classes I and II were used to measure the pharyngeal airway, maxillary width, palatal area, and height. The independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for the intragroup analysis of pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch parameters.
resultsIn the Skeletal Class I group, nasopharyngeal airway volume (P < 0.01), oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), and total pharyngeal airway volume (TPV) (all P < 0.001) were significantly greater in subjects with NB than in those with MB. Furthermore, intermolar width, maxillary width at the molars, intercanine width, maxillary width at the canines, and palatal area were significantly larger in subjects with NB than in those with MB (all P < 0.001). In the Skeletal Class II group, OPV, TPV (both P < 0.05) were significantly greater in subjects with NB than in those with MB. No significant differences in pharyngeal airway parameters in the MB group between subjects with Skeletal Class I and those with Skeletal Class II.
conclusionRegardless of sagittal Skeletal Class I or II, the pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch in children with MB differ from those with NB. However, the pharyngeal airway was not significantly different between Skeletal Class I and II in children with MB.
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Registered trials
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