ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2022
Effectiveness and safety of early versus late caffeine therapy in managing apnoea of prematurity among preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Strategies for caffeine administration in preterm infants: route, dosing, monitoring, and adjunctive interventions - a systematic review.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Administration time of caffeine in preterm infants: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Pooled it
- Early caffeine therapy decreases bronchopulmonary dysplasia but might increase mortality in preterm infants? a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical determinants of time to full enteral feeding in preterm infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Early aminophylline is a potential therapy for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants: a retrospective study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Pharmacological treatment for apnoea of prematurity-the need for an individualised approach.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Research progress on pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical treatment and predictive biomarkers in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: from the perspective of oxidative stress.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Artificial Intelligence-Driven Respiratory Distress Syndrome Prediction for Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Korean Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- A two-center retrospective study: association of early caffeine administration and oxygen radical diseases in neonatology in Chinese preterm neonates.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly administration of intravenous (IV) caffeine (initiation within 2 days of life) is an effective treatment strategy for the management of apnoea of prematurity among infants. However, the safety and effectiveness of early administration of oral caffeine treatment is not be fully established.
aimWe aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of early versus late caffeine therapy on preterm infants' clinical outcomes.
methodA retrospective matched cohort study was conducted using data of patients admitted to neonatal intensive care units of two tertiary care hospitals between January 2016 and December 2018. The clinical outcomes and mortality risk between early caffeine (initiation within 2 days of life) and late caffeine (initiation ≥ 3 days of life) were compared.
resultsNinety-five pairs matched based on gestational age were included in the study. Compared to late initiation, preterm infants with early caffeine therapy had: a shorter duration of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (median 5 days vs. 12 days; p < 0.001); shorter length of hospital stay (median 26 days vs. 44 days; p < 0.001); shorter duration to achieve full enteral feeding (median 5 days vs. 11 days; p < 0.001); and lower frequency of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (4.5% vs. 12.9%; p = 0.045). They also had a reduced risk of osteopenia of prematurity (OP) (OR 0.209; 95% CI 0.085-0.509; p = 0.001).
conclusionEarly oral caffeine therapy can potentially improve respiratory outcomes among infants with apnoea of prematurity. However, an increase in mortality associated with early caffeine therapy requires further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.