Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35913500›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023

First Demonstration Project of Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy for Persons With and Without Detectable Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viremia in an Urban HIV Clinic.

Katerina A Christopoulos, Janet Grochowski, Francis Mayorga-Munoz, Matthew D Hickey, Elizabeth Imbert, John D Szumowski, Samantha Dilworth, Jon Oskarsson, Mary Shiels, Diane Havlir and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine, Lenacapavir, and Ibalizumab Use Among Persons With HIV-1 Viremia at a Ryan White-Funded Clinic in the Urban US South.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Clinical Consequences of Delaying Implementation of Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy for People With HIV and Persistent Viremia in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Katerina A ChristopoulosDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Janet GrochowskiDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Francis Mayorga-MunozDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Matthew D HickeyDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Elizabeth ImbertDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
John D SzumowskiDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Samantha DilworthDivision of Prevention Science, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Jon OskarssonDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Mary ShielsDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Diane HavlirDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Monica GandhiDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Understanding Patient, Provider, and Systems Stakeholder Attitudes and Preferences to Optimize Implementation of Long-Acting Injectable Antiretrovirals and Maximize Clinical and Public Health ImpactR01MH123396 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHRISTOPOULOS, KATERINA A, HICKEY, MATTHEW · 2020 to 2023
$3.2M
“Hair Lengthening”: Using Hair Levels to Interpret Long-Acting PrEP Studies.R37AI098472 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Monica Gandhi · 2023 to 2026
$3.2M
NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI098472NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123396
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLong-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI-ART) is approved for treatment-naive or experienced people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) based on trials that only included participants with viral suppression. We performed the first LAI-ART demonstration project to include PWH unable to achieve or maintain viral suppression due to challenges adhering to oral ART.

methodsWard 86 is a large HIV clinic in San Francisco that serves publicly insured and underinsured patients. We started patients on LAI-ART via a structured process of provider referral, multidisciplinary review (MD, RN, pharmacist), and monitoring for on-time injections. Inclusion criteria were willingness to receive monthly injections and a reliable contact method.

resultsBetween June 2021 and April 2022, 51 patients initiated LAI-ART, with 39 receiving at least 2 follow-up injections by database closure (median age, 46 years; 90% cisgender men, 61% non-White, 41% marginally housed, 54% currently using stimulants). Of 24 patients who initiated injections with viral suppression (median CD4 cell count, 706 cells/mm3), 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86%-100%) maintained viral suppression. Of 15 patients who initiated injections with detectable viremia (median CD4 cell count, 99 cells/mm3; mean log10 viral load, 4.67; standard deviation, 1.16), 12 (80%; 95% CI, 55%-93%) achieved viral suppression, and the other 3 had a 2-log viral load decline by a median of 22 days.

conclusionsThis small demonstration project of LAI-ART in a diverse group of patients with high levels of substance use and marginal housing demonstrated promising early treatment outcomes, including in those with detectable viremia due to adherence challenges. More data on LAI-ART in hard-to-reach populations are needed.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV InfectionsCD4 Lymphocyte CountHIVHumansMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeViral LoadViremiaAnti-HIV Agentsengagement in careHIV/AIDSinjectable cabotegravir and rilpivirinelong-acting antiretroviral therapyviral suppression

Identifiers

PMID35913500
PMCPMC9907477
OpenAlexW4289315419

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.