ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Spatiotemporal Trends in Norovirus Outbreaks in the United States, 2009-2019.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Correlation of Norovirus in Wastewater with Gastroenteritis-Related Hospitalizations, New York, USA, 2022-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Highly Resolved Community Sewage Metagenomics Unveiling Landscape and Transmission Patterns of Antibiotic Resistome in Hong Kong Populations.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Seasonal Trends of Major Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, and Other Viral Infections in Korea: An Analysis Before, During, and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Epidemiologic Trends, Genetic Diversity, and Risk Factors of Norovirus Outbreaks in Beijing, China, 2016-2022.Viruses · 2026Article
- Norovirus infection in pediatric acute gastroenteritis: epidemiology and clinical features in Ezhou, China, 2023-2025.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Detection of Norovirus from Berries in Serbia by Digital PCR and NGS.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Incidence of Acute Gastroenteritis and Acute Respiratory Infections Among US Military and Dependents.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence and genotype distribution of norovirus in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, from 2011 to 2022.Virology journal · 2024Article
- A narrative review of norovirus epidemiology, biology, and challenges to vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Genotypes of Norovirus-Associated Diarrhea in Wuxi, China, 2013-2020.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Common and Potential Emerging Foodborne Viruses: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Using Wastewater Surveillance to Monitor Gastrointestinal Pathogen Infections in the State of Oklahoma.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundGlobally, noroviruses cause infections year-round but have recognized winter seasonality in the Northern Hemisphere and yearly variations in incidence. With candidate norovirus vaccines in development, understanding temporal and geographic trends in norovirus disease is important to inform potential vaccination strategies and evaluate vaccine impact.
methodsWe analyzed data from the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) and CaliciNet on single-state norovirus outbreaks that occurred during August 2009-July 2019 in the contiguous United States. We defined norovirus season onset and offset as the weeks by which 10% and 90% of norovirus outbreaks in a surveillance year occurred, respectively, and duration as the difference in weeks between onset and offset. We compared norovirus seasons across surveillance years and geographic regions.
resultsDuring August 2009-July 2019, 24 995 single-state norovirus outbreaks were reported to NORS and/or CaliciNet. Nationally, the median norovirus season duration was 24 weeks, with onset occurring between October and December and offset occurring between April and May. Across all years combined, we observed a west-to-east trend in seasonality, with the earliest onset (October) and latest offset (May) occurring in western regions and the latest onset (December) and earliest offset (April) occurring in northeastern regions.
conclusionsTiming and duration of the US norovirus season varied annually but generally occurred during October-May. Norovirus wintertime seasonality was less distinct in western regions and was progressively more pronounced moving east. Further understanding the drivers of spatiotemporal dynamics of norovirus could provide insights into factors that promote virus transmission and help guide future interventions.
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