ArticleJournal of virology2022
Riplet Binds the Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) and Augments ZAP-Mediated Restriction of HIV-1.
Article in Journal of virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploiting Ubiquitination: African Swine Fever Virus-Mediated Recruitment of Host E3 Ligases During Viral Infection and Immune Regulation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- SPRY domains encode ubiquitin ligase specificity for ZAP and RIG-I.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- HIV-2 evades restriction by ZAP through adaptations in the U3 LTR region despite increased CpG levels.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Mono-ADP-ribosylating PARP enzymes in cellular signaling and disease.Journal of cell science · 2025Review
- Codon-deoptimized single-round infectious virus for therapeutic and vaccine applications.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Regulation of viral replication by host restriction factors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A minimal complex of KHNYN and zinc-finger antiviral protein binds and degrades single-stranded RNA.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- ZFP36 Facilitates Senecavirus A (SVA) replication by inhibiting the production of type I interferon.Virus research · 2024Article
- Evolutionary analysis of ZAP and its cofactors identifies intrinsically disordered regions as central elements in host-pathogen interactions.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Endogenous ZAP is associated with altered Zika virus infection phenotype.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Dual Roles of Host Zinc Finger Proteins in Viral RNA Regulation: Decay or Stabilization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Versatility of the Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) As a Modulator of Viral Infections.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Endogenous ZAP affects Zika virus RNA interactome.RNA biology · 2024Article
- Antiviral Activity of Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) in Different Virus Families.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- FEZ1 Plays Dual Roles in Early HIV-1 Infection by Independently Regulating Capsid Transport and Host Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) with potent intrinsic antiviral activity. ZAP inhibits the replication of retroviruses, including murine leukemia virus (MLV) and HIV-1, as well as alphaviruses, filoviruses, and hepatitis B virus, and also the retrotransposition of LINE-1 and Alu retroelements. ZAP operates posttranscriptionally to reduce the levels of viral transcripts available for translation in the cytoplasm, although additional functions might be involved. Recent studies have shown that ZAP preferentially binds viral mRNAs containing clusters of CpG dinucleotides via its four CCCH-type zinc fingers. ZAP lacks enzymatic activity and utilizes other cellular proteins to suppress viral replication. Tripartite motif 25 (TRIM25) and the nuclease KHNYN have been identified as ZAP cofactors. In this study, we identify Riplet, a protein known to play a central role in the activation of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), as a novel ZAP cofactor. Overexpression of Riplet acts to strongly augment ZAP's antiviral activity. Riplet is an E3 ubiquitin ligase containing three domains, an N-terminal RING finger domain, a central coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal P/SPRY domain. We show that Riplet interacts with ZAP via its P/SPRY domain and that the ubiquitin ligase activity of Riplet is not required to stimulate ZAP-mediated virus inhibition. Moreover, we show that Riplet interacts with TRIM25, suggesting that both Riplet and TRIM25 may operate as a complex to augment ZAP activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.