ArticleCureus2022
Smoking and Fibrocystic Changes in the Breast: A Case Report of a Lifelong Smoker and Changes in Breast Parenchyma.
Article in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of predictive biomarkers for late radiation toxicity in breast cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Smoking is a well-known risk factor for breast cancer, and the nicotine in cigarette smoke has been associated with fibrotic changes in the breast. Although considered benign, these changes have the potential to make surgical dissection more difficult and may increase the risk of surgical complications. Here we discuss the case of a middle-aged female who was a lifelong smoker with breast cancer and who underwent a simple mastectomy. Intra-operatively, the overall breast parenchyma appeared quite firm, making tissue dissection challenging and the operating surgeon had to endure to remove the tumor and the remaining breast tissue.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.