ArticleFrontiers in physiology2022
Are the 50 m Race Segments Changed From Heats to Finals at the 2021 European Swimming Championships?
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Factors Relating to Sprint Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Pooled it
- Stretching and potentiation for performance optimization: effects on upper limbs in competitive swimmers.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Engineering Elite Swimming Start Performance: Key Kinetic and Kinematic Variables with Reference Values.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Variabilities in the stroking parameters during short course 50 m time trials in all four competitive swimming strokes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Validity and Reliability of 2D Video Analysis for Swimming Kick Start Kinematics.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- The influence of tactical positioning on performance in world-championship freestyle swimming.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- The Effects of Eccentric Training on Undulatory Underwater Swimming Performance and Kinematics in Competitive Swimmers.Journal of human kinetics · 2024Article
- Understanding the Importance of Drag Coefficient Assessment for a Deeper Insight into the Hydrodynamic Profile of Swimmers.Journal of human kinetics · 2024Article
- Streamlining performance prediction: data-driven KPIs in all swimming strokes.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Sprinting to the top: comparing quality of distance variety and specialization between swimmers and runners.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Race analysis in swimming: understanding the evolution of publications, citations and networks through a bibliometric review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Review
- From Entry to Finals: Progression and Variability of Swimming Performance at the 2022 FINA World Championships.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2023Article
- Association between elite swimmers' force production and 100 m front crawl inter-lap pacing and kinematics.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- The kinematic profile of ventral swimming start: sex diversity.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Short-course performance variation across all race sections: How 100 and 200 m elite male swimmers progress between rounds.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study explored in the 50 m races of the four swimming strokes the performance parameters and/or technical variables that determined the differences between swimmers who reach the finals and those who do not. A total of 322 performances retrieved from the 2021 Budapest European championships were the focus of this study. The results of the performances achieved during the finals compared to the heats showed that the best swimmers did not excel during the heats, as a significant progression of performance was observed in most of the strokes as the competition progressed. Specifically, combining men and women, the swimmers had in freestyle a mean coefficient of variation (CV) of ∼0.6%, with a mean range of performance improvement (∆%) of ∆ = ∼0.7%; in breaststroke a mean CV of ∼0.5% and ∆ = -0.2%; in backstroke a mean CV of ∼0.5% and ∆ = -0.6%, and; in butterfly a mean CV of ∼0.7% and ∆ = -0.9%. For all strokes, it was a reduction of the underwater phase with the aim of increasing its speed. However, this result was not always transferred to the final performance. In any case, most of the swimmers tried to make improvements from the start of the race up to 15 m. Furthermore, the swimmers generated an overall increase in stroke rate as the rounds progressed. However, a decrease in stroke length resulted and, this balance appeared to be of little benefit to performance.
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