ArticleUltrasonography (Seoul, Korea)2022
Can the ultrasound echogenicity of normal parotid and submandibular glands be used as a reference standard for normal thyroid echogenicity?
Article in Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Comparison of stimulated and unstimulated salivary gland parenchyma using fractal analysis of ultrasonographic images.Oral radiology · 2025Article
- Principles and features of ultrasound hypoechogenicity in diffuse thyroid pathology.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Review
- Standardized Imaging and Reporting for Thyroid Ultrasound: Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Consensus Statement and Recommendation.Korean journal of radiology · 2023Review
- Multiparametric ultrasound-based assessment of overt hyperthyroid diffuse thyroid disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Quantification of Thyroid Viscosity in Healthy Subjects Using Ultrasound Shear Wave Dispersion (Viscosity PLUS).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to determine whether the normal parotid gland (PG) and submandibular gland (SMG) can be used as reference standards for normal thyroid echogenicity.
methodsIn total, 1,302 consecutive patients with normal salivary glands were included in this study. The echogenicity of the SMG and PG was assessed during real-time ultrasound examinations, and the glands were categorized as hyperechogenic, isoechogenic, and hypoechogenic relative to the thyroid parenchyma in patients without diffuse thyroid disease (group 1, n=1,106) and with diffuse thyroid disease (group 2, n=196). The frequency of the echogenicity categories of the normal PG and SMG was assessed according to patients' age.
resultsIn group 1, the normal PG showed isoechogenicity in 94.0% and hypoechogenicity or hyperechogenicity in 6.0%, and the normal SMG showed isoechogenicity in 73.6% and hypoechogenicity in 26.4% of patients (P<0.001). There was no significant association of the frequency of isoechoic PG with age (P=0.834); however, there was a trend for an increasing frequency of isoechoic SMG with aging (22.9%-81.4%) (P<0.001). Similar findings were found in group 2 patients without decreased thyroid echogenicity.
conclusionThe normal PG was mostly isoechoic to the normal thyroid parenchyma, whereas the normal SMG showed hypoechogenicity at various frequencies according to age. The echogenicity of the normal PG can be used as an alternative reference standard for normal thyroid echogenicity; however, the normal SMG is not suitable for a reference standard when assessing thyroid nodule echogenicity in patients who have diffuse thyroid disease with decreased parenchymal echogenicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.