ArticleTrials2022
Design of a multinational randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of structured and individualized exercise in patients with metastatic breast cancer on fatigue and quality of life: the EFFECT study.
Article in Trials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Structured and Individualized Exercise in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer on Fatigue and Quality of Life
The Effect of exeRcise And Diet on Quality of Life in Patients With Incurable Cancer of Esophagus and Stomach (RADICES)
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise effects on lean body mass, muscle strength and functional performance in patients with metastatic breast cancer: the randomized controlled PREFERABLE-EFFECT study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Trial
- Effects of exercise and diet in patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer: the RADICES study.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Trial
- Impact of exercise on sexual health, body image, and therapy-related symptoms in women with metastatic breast cancer: The randomized controlled PREFERABLE-EFFECT trial.International journal of cancer · 2025Trial
- Supervised Exercise for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Cost-Utility Analysis Alongside the PREFERABLE-EFFECT Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Supervised, structured and individualized exercise in metastatic breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- A whole food, plant-based randomized controlled trial in metastatic breast cancer: feasibility, nutrient, and patient-reported outcomes.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Trial
- Article
- Article
- International perspectives on exercise oncology: current state, challenges, and opportunities for future development.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- Multidisciplinary perspectives in exercise oncology across the translational research continuum.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Review
- Factors Associated With Employment and Quality of Working Life in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Exercise Communication for Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Scoping Review.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Effect of Laser Auriculotherapy on Quality of Life, Fatigue, and Anxiety in Women with Advanced Breast Cancer: Randomized Clinical Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A protocol for a feasibility study of Cognitive Bias Modification training (IVY) countering fatigue in people with breast cancer.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2024Article
- Relevance of Cardiovascular Exercise in Cancer and Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Anxiety Levels in Brazilian Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer Undergoing Palliative Chemotherapy: A Prospective Study.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- Intervention model under the Omaha system framework can effectively improve the sleep quality and negative emotion of patients with mid to late-stage lung cancer and is a protective factor for quality of life.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- A Whole Food, Plant-Based Randomized Controlled Trial in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Feasibility, Nutrient, and Patient-Reported Outcomes.Research square · 2023Article
- Perspectives of patients with metastatic breast cancer on physical exercise programs: results from a survey in five European countries.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- PERSPECTIVEs on supervised exercise programs in people with metastatic breast cancer- a qualitative study in four European countries.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 11 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMany patients with metastatic breast cancer experience cancer- and treatment-related side effects that impair activities of daily living and negatively affect the quality of life. There is a need for interventions that improve quality of life by alleviating fatigue and other side effects during palliative cancer treatment. Beneficial effects of exercise have been observed in the curative setting, but, to date, comparable evidence in patients with metastatic breast cancer is lacking. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of a structured and individualized 9-month exercise intervention in patients with metastatic breast cancer on quality of life, fatigue, and other cancer- and treatment-related side effects.
methodsThe EFFECT study is a multinational, randomized controlled trial including 350 patients with metastatic breast cancer. Participants are randomly allocated (1:1) to an exercise or control group. The exercise group participates in a 9-month multimodal exercise program, starting with a 6-month period where participants exercise twice a week under the supervision of an exercise professional. After completing this 6-month period, one supervised session is replaced by one unsupervised session for 3 months. In addition, participants are instructed to be physically active for ≥30 min/day on all remaining days of the week, while being supported by an activity tracker and exercise app. Participants allocated to the control group receive standard medical care, general written physical activity advice, and an activity tracker, but no structured exercise program. The primary outcomes are quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30, summary score) and fatigue (EORTC QLQ-FA12), assessed at baseline, 3, 6 (primary endpoint), and 9 months post-baseline. Secondary outcomes include physical fitness, physical performance, physical activity, anxiety, depression, pain, sleep problems, anthropometric data, body composition, and blood markers. Exploratory outcomes include quality of working life, muscle thickness, urinary incontinence, disease progression, and survival. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of the exercise program is assessed. Adherence and safety are monitored throughout the intervention period. DISCUSSION: This large randomized controlled trial will provide evidence regarding the (cost-) effectiveness of exercise during treatment of metastatic breast cancer. If proven (cost-)effective, exercise should be offered to patients with metastatic breast cancer as part of standard care.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04120298 . Registered on October 9, 2019.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.