ArticlePloS one2022
IL-6 is involved in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory response involved in cartilage degeneration induced by T-2 toxin: systematic review.Mycotoxin research · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive analysis of mRNA-microRNA-lncRNA expression profiles in post-traumatic elbow heterotopic ossification using RNA sequencing and experimental validation.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- The Main Immune Markers of Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy: A Narrative Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Inflammation-Energy Metabolism Axis: A Central Driver of Sarcopenia-Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review.Calcified tissue international · 2026Review
- Current progress and controversies in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum: pathogenesis, diagnosis and surgical management.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Integrated bioinformatic analysis of biomarkers, pathways, and immune cell infiltration in ossification of the ligamentum flavum.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2026Article
- Biological mechanisms underlying the ossification of ligamentum flavum and potential therapeutic targets derived from current research.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Review
- Potential Influence of Sagittal Parameters in the Pathogenesis of Patients With the Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
- METTL3 regulated by histone lactylation promotes ossification of the ligamentum flavum by enhancing the m6A methylation of BMP2.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying obesity in degenerative spine and joint diseases.Bone research · 2024Review
- The involvement of epidural fat in ossification of the ligamentum flavum: From the perspective of exosomal proteome.Heliyon · 2024Article
- KLF5 promotes the ossification process of ligamentum flavum by transcriptionally activating CX43.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovers cellular heterogeneity and the progression of heterotopic ossification of the elbow.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Pathogenesis of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- PTGR1 is involved in cell proliferation in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a heterotopic ossification of spinal ligaments. TOLF is the major cause of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and myelopathy, and its underlying mechanisms are not clear. Bone formation is a complex developmental process involving the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts, and regulated by BMP2, RUNX2, Osterix (OSX), etc. In this study, we continue to further characterize properties of TOLF. Our immunohistochemistry experiments showed that expressions of osteoblastic factors such as BMP2 and RUNX2 increased in TOLF. According to flow cytometry analysis the proportion of S phase of cell cycle in primary TOLF cells was 9% higher than the control. Alizarin red staining and ALP staining observations were consistent with immunohistochemistry results. It was also observed that inflammatory cytokine IL-6 level dramatically increased in the culture supernatant of primary TOLF cells. We propose the hypothesis that IL-6 is involved in TOLF. To testify the hypothesis, we examined the effect of IL-6. Our results showed that IL-6 was able to activate expressions of osteoblastic factors such as BMP2, RUNX2, OSX, OCN and ALP, and that expressions of cell proliferation factors cyclin D1 and cyclin C increased in the presence of IL-6. Moreover, IL-6-induced BMP2 expression was inhibited by p38 inhibitor SB203580, indicating that IL-6 regulated the osteogenic BMP2 activation through p38 MAPK pathway. These data suggest that IL-6 is involved in TOLF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.