ArticlePloS one2022
Promising FDA-approved drugs with efflux pump inhibitory activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tetracyclines, a timely resurgence or doomed to fail again?Journal of medical microbiology · 2026Review
- Structural Modifications of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): New Horizons in Antimicrobial Drug Discovery.Archiv der Pharmazie · 2026Review
- Actinic Keratosis at the Crossroads of Inflammation and Cutaneous Dysbiosis.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Echinomycin, a peptide antibiotic from a new bacterial source and its potential to tackle drug resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Old drugs, new weapons: current trends in repurposing therapies against antimicrobial resistance.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026Review
- Inhibition of efflux pumps by FDA-approved drugs oxiconazole and sertaconazole restores antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistantAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Inhibitory potential of pentagalloyl glucose against efflux pumps inRSC advances · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial and Anti-Efflux Machinery of FDA-Approved Proton Pump Inhibitors and Vitamins AgainstMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Efflux pump modulation by Montelukast and its roles in restoring antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Thymoquinone' potent impairment of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump activity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Miconazole and phenothiazine hinder the quorum sensing regulated virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The Journal of antibiotics · 2024Article
- Types and Mechanisms of Efflux Pump Systems and the Potential of Efflux Pump Inhibitors in the Restoration of Antimicrobial Susceptibility, with a Special Reference toPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Improving the treatment of bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria through drug repositioning.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- The Properties of Linezolid, Rifampicin, and Vancomycin, as Well as the Mechanism of Action of Pentamidine, Determine Their Synergy against Gram-Negative Bacteria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Art of War withAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Antibiotic adjuvants: synergistic tool to combat multi-drug resistant pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-ResistantInfection and drug resistance · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesStaphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes wide range of nosocomial and community-acquired infections which have spread worldwide leading to an urgent need for developing effective anti-staphylococcal agents. Efflux is an important resistance mechanism that bacteria used to fight the antimicrobial action. This study aimed to investigate the efflux mechanism in S. aureus and assess diclofenac, domperidone, glyceryl trinitrate and metformin as potential efflux pump inhibitors that can be used in combination with antibiotics for treating topical infections caused by S. aureus. MATERIALS AND
methodsEfflux was detected qualitatively by the ethidium bromide Cart-Wheel method followed by investigating the presence of efflux genes by polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-six isolates were selected for further investigation of efflux by Cart-Wheel method in absence and presence of tested compounds followed by quantitative efflux assay. Furthermore, antibiotics minimum inhibitory concentrations in absence and presence of tested compounds were determined. The effects of tested drugs on expression levels of efflux genes norA, fexA and tetK were determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction.
resultsEfflux was found in 65.3% of isolates, the prevalence of norA, tetK, fexA and msrA genes were 91.7%, 77.8%, 27.8% and 6.9%. Efflux assay revealed that tested drugs had potential efflux inhibitory activities, reduced the antibiotic's MICs and significantly decreased the relative expression of efflux genes.
conclusionDiclofenac sodium, domperidone and glyceryl trinitrate showed higher efflux inhibitory activities than verapamil and metformin. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows that diclofenac sodium, glyceryl trinitrate and domperidone have efflux pump inhibitory activities against S. aureus.
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