ArticleArthritis care & research2023
Causes of Death Among Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Race and Ethnicity: A Population-Based Study.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of interleukin-17 inhibition in systemic lupus erythematosus-paradoxical hindrance or new therapeutic potential? Results from a systematic literature review and mendelian randomization.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of race and ethnicity with mortality in adults with SLE: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mortality Among Decedents Aged ≥15 Years-United States, 2018-2023.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Platelet glycoprotein V autoantibodies and complement C3 are associated with thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Cluster of Differentiation 36-Mediated Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Mechanisms to Novel Therapies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor therapy mitigates hypertension in lupus mice.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Article
- National Mortality Databases to Assess Disease Burden in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: A Valuable Resource But With Limitations.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for systemic lupus erythematosus: An ELSO registry analysis.Perfusion · 2026Article
- Cardiac Complications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Gaps.Cureus · 2026Review
- Acute Myocardial Infarction Secondary to Triple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease in a 31-year-old Female with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Case Report and Review of Literature.Acta medica Philippina · 2026Article
- Association Between Cardiovascular Risk and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Korean Female Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Trends in Systemic Lupus Erythematous Mortality in the United States, 1999-2022.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Modern therapy of patients with lupus erythematosus must include appropriate management of their heightened rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events: a literature update.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Review
- Mortality patterns of SLE and the associated risk factors in Korean patients: a nationwide cohort study.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Integrating machine learning and structure-based approaches for repurposing potent tyrosine protein kinase Src inhibitors to treat inflammatory disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort-based study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- NIK Is a Mediator of Inflammation and Intimal Hyperplasia in Endothelial Denudation-Induced Vascular Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence of cardiovascular events in a population-based registry of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- The Emerging Specialty of Cardio-Rheumatology.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveNon-White populations are at higher risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and have more severe outcomes, including mortality. The present study was undertaken to examine how specific causes of death vary by race and ethnicity, including Asian and Hispanic individuals.
methodsThe California Lupus Surveillance Project included SLE cases identified among residents of San Francisco County, CA during January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009. Cases were matched to the National Death Index over a 10-year period. Logistic regression examined age-adjusted differences in causes of death by race, ethnicity, and sex. Age-standardized mortality ratios between individuals with SLE and the corresponding general population were calculated for the leading cause of death, and observed versus expected deaths were estimated.
resultsThe study included 812 individuals of White (38%), Asian (36%), Black (20%), and mixed/other/unknown (5%) race; 15% identified as Hispanic. One hundred thirty-five deaths were recorded, with a mean ± SD age at death of 62.2 ± 15.6 years. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was the leading cause of death overall (33%), and across all racial and ethnic groups, followed by rheumatic disease (18%) and hematologic/oncologic conditions (18%). CVD as the underlying cause of death was 3.63 times higher among SLE cases than in the general population. CVD deaths for those with SLE were nearly 4 and 6 times higher for Asian and Hispanic individuals with SLE, respectively, compared to the general population.
conclusionIndividuals with SLE experience a disproportionate burden of CVD mortality compared to the general population, which is magnified for Asian and Hispanic groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.