ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subclinical Atherosclerosis Across the Menopausal Transition in Women With and Without HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Sex Hormones, the Stool Microbiome, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Women With and Without HIV.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 14 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEstrogen-based hormone therapy (HT) may have beneficial cardiovascular effects when initiated in early menopause. This has not been examined in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), who have heightened immune activation and cardiovascular risks.
methodsAmong 609 postmenopausal women (1234 person-visits) in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, we examined the relationship of ever HT use (oral, patch, or vaginal) with subclinical atherosclerosis: carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), distensibility, and plaque assessed via repeated B-mode ultrasound imaging (2004-2013). We also examined associations of HT with cross-sectional biomarkers of immune activation and D-dimer. Statistical models were adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and cardiometabolic factors.
resultsWomen (mean age, 51 years; 80% HIV positive) who ever used HT at baseline were older, and more likely to be non-Hispanic White and report higher income, than never-users. Women who ever used HT had 43% lower prevalence of plaque (prevalence ratio, 0.57 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .40-.80]; P < .01), 2.51 µm less progression of CIMT per year (95% CI, -4.60, to -.41; P = .02), and marginally lower incidence of plaque over approximately 7 years (risk ratio, 0.38 [95% CI, .14-1.03; P = .06), compared with never-users, adjusting for covariates; ever HT use was not associated with distensibility. These findings were similar for women with and without HIV. Ever HT use was associated with lower serum D-dimer, but not with biomarkers of immune activation after covariate adjustment.
conclusionsHT may confer a subclinical cardiovascular benefit in women with HIV. These results begin to fill a knowledge gap in menopausal care for women with HIV, in whom uptake of HT is very low.
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