ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
When Helpers Go Above and Beyond: Development and Characterization of Cytotoxic CD4
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- T Cell Thoughts.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Protocol for deep phenotyping of human antigen-specific T cells across conventional and unconventional subsets by 22-color spectral flow cytometry.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Plant-Based Production of Human Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Molecules.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Identifying Negative Biomarkers of CD4 Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes via Granzyme B Exclusion Analysis.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Cytomegalovirus Drives the Development of Cytotoxic CD4Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic CD4 T Cells: Dual Agents in HIV-1 Pathogenesis and Persistence.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in cancer: an emerging target for next-generation anticancer immunotherapy?Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 6 mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles Ignite Antitumor Immunity and Suppress Tumorigenesis in Ewing Sarcoma.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Article
- Cytotoxic T Cells: Kill, Memorize, and Mask to Maintain Immune Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Lymphocyte Subset-Based Prediction Model for Refractory Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Repertoire-based mapping and time-tracking of T helper cell subsets in scRNA-Seq.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Shared Genes and Pathways in Ulcerative Colitis and Ankylosing Spondylitis: Functional Validation and Implications for Diagnosis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Human tolerogenic dendritic cell subtypes exert divergent effects on induction of cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- State of the Field: Cytotoxic Immune Cell Responses inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- CD4Trends in cancer · 2024Review
- Article
- Deciphering CD4Molecular carcinogenesis · 2024Review
- CTLs heterogeneity and plasticity: implications for cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Article
- Terminally differentiated cytotoxic CD4CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Once regarded as an experimental artefact, cytotoxic CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.