Observational studyTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2022
Treatment outcomes and risk factors of death in childhood tuberculous meningitis in Kandahar, Afghanistan: a prospective observational cohort study.
Observational study in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Knowledge, attitudes, preventive practices, and associated factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis among adults of Kandahar city, Afghanistan.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency among Afghan primary school children.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence and associated risk factors of stunting, wasting/thinness, and underweight among primary school children in Kandahar City, Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analytical study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: Risk Factors for Mortality in a Propensity Score-Matched Case-Control Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Better understanding extrapulmonary tuberculosis: A scoping review of public health impact in Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, and Bangladesh.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Hydrocephalus as a consistent predictor of in-hospital mortality in tuberculous meningitis: no age-specific effect modification in a lifespan cohort.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of TB. We prospectively documented the treatment outcomes and the risk factors for death in children with TBM from Kandahar, Afghanistan.
methodsThis prospective observational cohort study was conducted from February 2017 to January 2020 in hospitalised TBM children. All the patients were prospectively followed up for 12 mo. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics, χ2 and multivariate logistic regression.
resultsA total of 818 TBM hospitalised patients with median age 4.8 (0.8-14.5) y were recruited. Females accounted for 60.9% (498/818). Upon admission 53.9% (n=441) and 15.2% (n=124) had TBM stages II and III, respectively, and 23.2% (n=190) had focal neurological signs. The case fatality rate was 20.2% (160/794) and 30.6% (243/794) survived with neurological sequelae. Independent risk factors for death were being unvaccinated for BCG (adjusted OR [AOR] 3.8, 95% CI 1.8 to 8.1), not receiving dexamethasone (AOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.2), being male (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.6), history of recent weight loss (AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.9) and having stage III TBM (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.3).
conclusionsTBM continues to cause high morbidity and mortality in Afghan children. Strategies to reduce mortality should emphasise early diagnosis and treatment, routine use of dexamethasone and increased BCG vaccination.
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