Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35902641›Full record

ReviewBritish journal of cancer2022

Toll-like receptor 9 agonists and combination therapies: strategies to modulate the tumour immune microenvironment for systemic anti-tumour immunity.

Zhangchi Dongye, Jian Li, Yuzhang Wu

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in British journal of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.

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9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zhangchi DongyeDepartment of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 266071, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.
Jian LiInstitute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China. seraph-2004@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-4464
Yuzhang WuInstitute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China. wuyuzhang@iiicq.vip.
Army Medical University · CNQingdao University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past decade, tremendous progress has taken place in tumour immunotherapy, relying on the fast development of combination therapy strategies that target multiple immunosuppressive signaling pathways in the immune system of cancer patients to achieve a high response rate in clinical practice. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists have been extensively investigated as therapeutics in monotherapy or combination therapies for the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases and allergies. TLR9 agonists monotherapy shows limited efficacy in cancer patients; whereas, in combination with other therapies including antigen vaccines, radiotherapies, chemotherapies and immunotherapies exhibit great potential. Synthetic unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), a commonly used agonist for TLR9, stimulate various antigen-presenting cells in the tumour microenvironment, which can initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. Novel combination therapy approaches, which co-deliver immunostimulatory CpG-ODN with other therapeutics, have been tested in animal models and early human clinical trials to induce anti-tumour immune responses. In this review, we describe the basic understanding of TLR9 signaling pathway; the delivery methods in most studies; discuss the key challenges of each of the above mentioned TLR9 agonist-based combination immunotherapies and provide an overview of the ongoing clinical trial results from CpG-ODN based combination therapies in cancer patients.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsVaccinesAdjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsCpG IslandsHumansImmunotherapyOligodeoxyribonucleotidesToll-Like Receptor 9Tumor MicroenvironmentAdjuvants, ImmunologicOligodeoxyribonucleotidesToll-Like Receptor 9Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID35902641
PMCPMC9333350
OpenAlexW4288427187

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.