ArticleNature immunology2022
PD-1 directed immunotherapy alters Tfh and humoral immune responses to seasonal influenza vaccine.
Article in Nature immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine challenges in CLL: a comprehensive exploration of efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 immunization for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Annals of hematology · 2024Pooled it
- Drugging the immune system: principles of immunopharmacology.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Article
- Vitamin B5 supports anti-PD1 response in HER2-positive gastric cancer and enhances interaction between naïve B cells and T cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Review
- Tumor-specific antibodies elicited by engineered bacteria promote bladder cancer immunotherapy in preclinical mouse models.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Regulation of antiviral immunity by PD-1 during respiratory syncitial virus infection and upon vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- Oncolytic virotherapy mobilizes tumor-resident, granzyme B-producing bystander CD4Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Low-dose IL-2 therapy for immune-related adverse events via Tfh/Treg balance modulation: a prospective cohort and murine model study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Atypical B cells and inflammatory profiles delineate immunity to influenza vaccination in First Nations and non-Indigenous people with chronic multimorbidity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Inflammatory arthritis irAE may represent a unique autoimmune disease primarily driven by T cells but likely not autoantibodies.Science advances · 2026Article
- TLR7-mediated inflammation drives PD-L1 upregulation and T cell exhaustion during influenza A virus infection.iScience · 2026Article
- The Role of B Cells in Tumorigenesis and Immunotherapy.Immune network · 2026Review
- Complement contributes to ICI-triggered sialadenitis and predicts ICI efficacy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of T cell-mediated antitumor immunity within tertiary lymphoid structures.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Characteristics and therapeutic resistance mechanisms of the prostate cancer immune microenvironment: a comprehensive analysis from bench to clinic.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- PD-1 blockade does not enhance alloimmunization after allogeneic dendritic cell vaccination in cancer patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory arthritis immune related adverse events represent a unique autoimmune disease entity primarily driven by T cells, but likely not autoantibodies.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Decrypting the Immune Symphony for RNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Polyfunctional T follicular helper cells drive checkpoint-inhibitor diabetes and are targeted by JAK inhibitor therapy.JCI insight · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
28 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy reinvigorates CD8 T cell responses in patients with cancer but PD-1 is also expressed by other immune cells, including follicular helper CD4 T cells (Tfh) which are involved in germinal centre responses. Little is known, however, about the effects of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy on noncancer immune responses in humans. To investigate this question, we examined the impact of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy on the Tfh-B cell axis responding to unrelated viral antigens. Following influenza vaccination, a subset of adults receiving anti-PD-1 had more robust circulating Tfh responses than adults not receiving immunotherapy. PD-1 pathway blockade resulted in transcriptional signatures of increased cellular proliferation in circulating Tfh and responding B cells compared with controls. These latter observations suggest an underlying change in the Tfh-B cell and germinal centre axis in a subset of immunotherapy patients. Together, these results demonstrate dynamic effects of anti-PD-1 therapy on influenza vaccine responses and highlight analytical vaccination as an approach that may reveal underlying immune predisposition to adverse events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.