ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2022
Appendectomy and risk for inflammatory bowel disease: effect of age and time post appendectomy - a cohort study.
Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiologic profile of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Diagnostic Challenges and Management of Crohn's Disease: The Value of Capsule Endoscopy.Cureus · 2026Article
- Relationship between the appendix and ulcerative colitis: A new discovery.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026Review
- Childhood appendectomy is linked with higher digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary disease risk but lower inflammatory bowel disease risk.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2026Article
- Evidence for genetic correlation between appendix and inflammatory bowel disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Appendicitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- The Place of Appendicectomy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-A Review.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Review
- Cholangioscope-assisted ERAT for the diagnoses and treatment of ulcerative colitis with appendiceal orifice inflammation: a case report and a literature review.International journal of colorectal disease · 2025Review
- Exploring the Immunological Role of the Microbial Composition of the Appendix and the Associated Risks of Appendectomies.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Emerging Natural Therapies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Research progress on the use of polyphenols in the treatment of Crohn's disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Protective effect of appendectomy against the onset of ulcerative colitis: A case-control study.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Review
- Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Surgeries as a Possible Risk for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Gastroenterology research · 2024Article
- Cohort Profile Update: The Québec Birth Cohort on Immunity and Health (CO·MMUNITY).International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Time Trends of Environmental and Socioeconomic Risk Factors in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease over 40 Years: A Population-Based Inception Cohort 1977-2020.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveAppendectomy may modulate the risk of inflammatory bowel disease through an effect on the gut microbiota. This study investigated the associations between appendectomy and incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), with an emphasis on the influence of age and time post appendectomy.
methodsThis cohort study included 400 520 subjects born in Québec in 1970-1974 and followed until 2014. Administrative health data were used to ascertain appendectomy and cases of CD and UC. Cox proportional hazards models with time-dependent variables (appendectomy and time elapsed post appendectomy) allowed for the estimation of HRs and 95% CIs.
resultsA total of 2545 (0.6%) CD cases and 1134 (0.3%) UC cases were identified during follow-up. Appendectomy increased the risk of CD (HR=2.02; 95% CI: 1.66 to 2.44), especially when performed at 18-29 years of age. The risk of CD was increased in the first 2 years, and decreased significantly after ≥15 years post appendectomy. Appendectomy appeared to protect against UC (HR=0.39; 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.71). The risk of UC was not associated with age at appendectomy, but decreased with time elapsed post appendectomy (HR=0.21; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.72, comparing ≥5 with 0-4 years after appendectomy).
conclusionsThe increased risk of CD related to appendectomy in young adults may result from detection bias, but physicians should have a low threshold for suspicion of CD in young symptomatic adults with a history of appendectomy. A strong protective effect of appendectomy against UC was observed after 5 years.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.