ArticleBMJ open2022
Estimation of tuberculosis incidence at subnational level using three methods to monitor progress towards ending TB in India, 2015-2020.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delays in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in India: A patient journey analysis from Mumbai and Patna during the COVID-19 Pandemic.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Can high private cough syrup sales act as a proxy for missed TB notifications in TB surveillance?Public health action · 2025Article
- Economic Burden of TB Deaths in India (2021): A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Estimate of TB incidence and a critical analysis of programmatic data of TB score from Sub national Certification survey of district Niwari, M.P., India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Tuberculosis/COVID 19 Co-Infection among Active Tuberculosis Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Uttarakhand, India.Archives of Razi Institute · 2025Article
- Lessons and updates from India's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program - bold decisions and innovative ways of fast-tracking progress toward ending tuberculosis.IJID regions · 2025Review
- Estimation of State and district-specific disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to tuberculosis for Kerala, India, 2017-2020.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Ensuring universal access to quality care for persons with presumed tuberculosis reaching the private sector: lessons from Kerala.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- The Predicted Potential Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Epidemic in Tamil Nadu, South India.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Revitalizing primary care is the key to people's health in the post-COVID era.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Meeting the 2030 END TB goals in the wake of COVID-19: A modelling study of countries in the USAID TB portfolio.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Estimating the Burden of Tuberculosis in India: A Modelling Study.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
- Verification of Sub-national Claim for 'TB-free' Status of Rajsamand District, Rajasthan, India-2020.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
- Predictors for Concurrent Diabetes in Tuberculosis Patients. Perspectives from Two Mining Districts of Eastern Tribal State Jharkhand, in India.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
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Authors and funding
51 authors at 13 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe verified subnational (state/union territory (UT)/district) claims of achievements in reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence in 2020 compared with 2015, in India.
designA community-based survey, analysis of programme data and anti-TB drug sales and utilisation data.
settingNational TB Elimination Program and private TB treatment settings in 73 districts that had filed a claim to the Central TB Division of India for progress towards TB-free status.
participantsEach district was divided into survey units (SU) and one village/ward was randomly selected from each SU. All household members in the selected village were interviewed. Sputum from participants with a history of anti-TB therapy (ATT), those currently experiencing chest symptoms or on ATT were tested using Xpert/Rif/TrueNat. The survey continued until 30 OUTCOME MEASURES: We calculated a direct estimate of TB incidence based on incident cases identified in the survey. We calculated an under-reporting factor by matching these cases within the TB notification system. The TB notification adjusted for this factor was the estimate by the indirect method. We also calculated TB incidence from drug sale data in the private sector and drug utilisation data in the public sector. We compared the three estimates of TB incidence in 2020 with TB incidence in 2015.
resultsThe estimated direct incidence ranged from 19 (Purba Medinipur, West Bengal) to 1457 (Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya) per 100 000 population. Indirect estimates of incidence ranged between 19 (Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli) and 788 (Dumka, Jharkhand) per 100 000 population. The incidence using drug sale data ranged from 19 per 100 000 population in Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli to 651 per 100 000 population in Centenary, Maharashtra.
conclusionTB incidence in 1 state, 2 UTs and 35 districts had declined by at least 20% since 2015. Two districts in India were declared TB free in 2020.
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