ArticleJACC. Heart failure2022
Expenditure on Heart Failure in the United States: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2009-2018.
Article in JACC. Heart failure, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07018297 (Early Discharge With Subcutaneous Furosemide Versus Standard Care in Acute Heart Failure), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Early Discharge With Subcutaneous Furosemide Versus Standard Care in Acute Heart Failure: A Cluster-Randomized Crossover Non-Inferiority Trial
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiopulmonary Remodeling In Nondiabetic Patients with Systolic Heart Failure Using Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Current cardiology reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Heart failure: assessment of the global economic burden.European heart journal · 2025Pooled it
- Economic Modeling Analysis of an Intensive GDMT Optimization Program in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients.Circulation. Heart failure · 2023Trial
- Vutrisiran Health Care Resource Utilization, Costs, Discontinuation, and Mortality: A Real-World Claims Analysis.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of NT-proBNP-Guided Cardiovascular Screening in Chinese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Evidence From the Hong Kong Diabetes Biobank.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of contingency management for methamphetamine use disorder: A model-based analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Doppler Echocardiography for Assessment of Diastolic Function in Mice.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2026Article
- GBC-AST: a cluster-based oversampling method for heart failure prediction in imbalanced medical data sets.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Sustained Mechanical Occlusion of the Superior Vena Cava Safely Reduces Cardiac Filling Pressures in a Preclinical Model of Heart Failure.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Article
- Device-driven cyclic compression of the superior vena cava as a preload reduction strategy to improve cardiac function in heart failure: a pilot feasibility study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Catheter Ablation as an Early Rhythm-control Strategy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure.Arrhythmia & electrophysiology review · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in early heart failure detection: from algorithms to bedside integration.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Examining Predelivery Healthcare Spending and Service Utilization among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder during Pregnancy.Anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analyses of healthcare resource utilization and costs among patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Journal of medical economics · 2025Article
- National Trends in Arrhythmias and Heart Failure Related Mortality in the United States From 1999 to 2023: A CDC Wonder Analysis.Journal of arrhythmia · 2025Article
- Article
- Remote monitoring in heart failure: artificial intelligence and the use of remote speech analysis to detect worsening heart failure events.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Changes in health insurance status and mortality in patients with acute heart failure.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Review
- Targeting ryanodine receptors with allopurinol and xanthine derivatives for the treatment of cardiac and musculoskeletal weakness disorders.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWith rising United States health care expenditure, estimating current spending for patients with heart failure (HF) informs the value of preventative health interventions.
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to estimate current health care expenditure growth for patients with HF in the United States.
methodsThe authors pooled MEPS (Medical Expenditure Panel Survey) data from 2009-2018 to calculate total HF-related expenditure across clinical settings in the United States. A 2-part model adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and year was used to estimate annual mean and incremental expenditures associated with HF.
resultsIn the United States, an average of $28,950 (2018 inflation-adjusted dollars) is spent per year for health care-related expenditure for individuals with HF compared with $5,727 for individuals without HF. After adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, a diagnosis of HF was associated with $3,594 in annual incremental expenditure compared with those without HF. HF-related expenditure increased from $26,864 annual per person in 2009-2010 to $32,955 in 2017-2018, representing a 23% rise over 10 years. In comparison, expenditure on myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer grew by 16%, 28%, and 16%, respectively. Most of the cost was related to hospitalization: $12,569 per year. Outpatient office-based care and prescription medications saw the greatest growth in cost over the period, 41% and 24%, respectively. Estimated incremental national expenditure for HF per year was $22.3 billion; total annual expenditure for adults with HF was $179.5 billion.
conclusionsHF is a costly condition for which expenditure is growing faster than that of other chronic conditions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.