SynthesisJournal of personality2023
Pathways of personality and learning risk for addictive behaviors: A systematic review of mediational research on the acquired preparedness model.
Synthesis in Journal of personality, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- APOE ε4-related structural vulnerability in mild cognitive impairment: a subsystem-based analysis of the default mode network.Research square · 2026Article
- Brain Activation Features in Response to the Expectation of Receiving Rewards Through Aggression.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- The Point-Scoring Reaction-Time Task: Evidence for reliability of sensitivity to reward (but not punishment) and links with alcohol involvement.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Person-environment transactions of impulsive traits and day-level alcohol use: A narrative review.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Review
- The Influence of Drinking Consequences on Alcohol Expectancy Likelihoods and Valences: An Item-Level Multilevel Approach.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2025Article
- Long-term chronicity of work addiction: the role of personality and work motivations.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Facets of trait impulsivity and their relationships to developmental trajectories of externalizing behaviors from childhood into early adolescence.Journal of research in personality · 2025Article
- Differentiating action from inaction: Longitudinal relations among impulsive personality traits, internalizing symptoms, and drinking behavior.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Neural Correlates of Positive Outcome Expectancy for Aggression: Evidence from Voxel-Based Morphometry and Resting-State Functional Connectivity Analysis.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Integrating aspects of affect, reward, and cognition to develop more comprehensive models of binge-eating pathology.The International journal of eating disorders · 2023Review
- Multilevel longitudinal relations among impulsive traits, positive expectancies, and binge drinking from late adolescence to adulthood: A developmental test of acquired preparedness.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe Acquired Preparedness (AP) model proposes that impulsive personality traits predispose some individuals to learn certain behavior-outcome associations (expectancies), and that these expectancies in turn influence the escalation of risky behaviors. This theory has been applied to the development of behaviors such as drinking, drug use, gambling, and disordered eating. In the current study, we aimed to summarize empirical tests of this model over the 20 years since it was proposed.
methodWe used a descriptive approach to summarize tests of mediation across 50 studies involving n = 21,715 total participants.
resultsWe observed a consistent effect of personality on expectancies (median effect size = .22), of expectancies on behavior (.24), and a small mediated effect (.05) of personality on behavior via expectancies. Impulsive traits that involve positive or negative affect showed the most consistent support for AP, as did positive expectancies. Most studies testing AP focused on alcohol, but research on other behaviors also showed support for AP.
conclusionsThe literature appears to support a small mediated effect consistent with the AP model. Future research should continue to clarify which AP pathways are most influential in explaining risky behaviors, and supplement correlational research with experimental and quasi-experimental designs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.