ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2022
Foveal Curvature and Its Associations in UK Biobank Participants.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Macular Curvature in Children Born Preterm With and Without ROP - Results From the Gutenberg Prematurity Study Young.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Genetic insights into foveal morphology and its associations with pigmentation and age-related macular degeneration.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Multi-omic spatial effects on high-resolution AI-derived retinal thickness.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Retinal Changes From Hyperopia to Myopia: Not All Diopters Are Created Equal.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Macular and Plasma Xanthophylls Are Higher in Age-related Macular Degeneration than in Normal Aging: Alabama Study on Early Age-related Macular Degeneration 2 Baseline.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Spatial characterization of the effect of age and sex on macular layer thicknesses and foveal pit morphology.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: To examine whether sociodemographic, and ocular factors relate to optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived foveal curvature (FC) in healthy individuals. Methods: We developed a deep learning model to quantify OCT-derived FC from 63,939 participants (age range, 39-70 years). Associations of FC with sociodemographic, and ocular factors were obtained using multilevel regression analysis (to allow for right and left eyes) adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, height (model 1), visual acuity, spherical equivalent, corneal astigmatism, center point retinal thickness (CPRT), intraocular pressure (model 2), deprivation (Townsend index), higher education, annual income, and birth order (model 3). Fovea curvature was modeled as a z-score. Results: Males had on average steeper FC (0.077; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.077-0.078) than females (0.068; 95% CI 0.068-0.069). Compared with whites, non-white individuals showed flatter FC, particularly those of black ethnicity. In black males, -0.80 standard deviation (SD) change when compared with whites (95% CI -0.89, -0.71; P 5.2e10-68). In black females, -0.70 SD change when compared with whites (95% CI -0.77, -0.63; p 2.3e10-93). Ocular factors (visual acuity, refractive status, and CPRT) showed a graded inverse association with FC that persisted after adjustment. Macular curvature showed a positive association with FC. Income showed a linear trend increase in males (P for linear trend = 0.005). Conclusions: We demonstrate marked differences in FC with ethnicity on the largest cohort studied for this purpose to date. Ocular factors showed a graded association with FC. Implementation of FC quantification in research and on the clinical setting can enhance the understanding of clinical macular phenotypes in health and disease.
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