ArticleAllergy2023
Detergent exposure induces epithelial barrier dysfunction and eosinophilic inflammation in the esophagus.
Article in Allergy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathways of Epithelial Barrier Breakdown and Remodeling in Esophageal Organoids by Commonly Used Surfactants.Allergy · 2026Article
- Detergent-Containing Toothpaste Decreases Esophageal Mucosal Impedance and Alters Salivary Properties in Humans.Allergy · 2026Article
- Update on environmental determinants of allergic diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Aluminium ammonium sulphate induces epithelial pyroptosis and eosinophilic inflammation under dysbiotic conditions: ameliorative effects of heparin.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Rapid Human Skin Barrier Disruption by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate and Associated Molecular Mechanisms.Allergy · 2026Article
- IL-13 and calpain-14 suppress the expression of SPINK7 by regulating OVOL1 in eosinophilic esophagitis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Pulmonary toxicity of micro- and nano polyethylene particles following intratracheal instillation in rats.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Article
- The Role of the Indoor Exposome in Food Allergy Development.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune functions of the esophagus.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Oesophageal Epithelial Cell-Intrinsic MHCII Regulates Food Antigen-Dependent Eosinophilic Esophagitis in an IFNγ-Dependent Manner.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- PSMB8 stratifies therapy response in eosinophilic esophagitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Article
- Emerging Insights into the Inflammatory Phenotypes of Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- The epithelial barrier theory proposes a comprehensive explanation for the origins of allergic and other chronic noncommunicable diseases.FEBS letters · 2025Review
- Article
- OMIT detergent?Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2025Article
- Mouse models of eosinophilic esophagitis: molecular and translational insights.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2025Review
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Childhood and Adulthood.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- Type 2 immunity in allergic diseases.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic disease associated with type 2 inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction. The etiology is unknown, however, genetic heritability studies suggest environmental factors play a key role in pathogenesis. Detergents, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), are common ingredients in household products such as dish soap and toothpaste. We hypothesized detergent exposure decreases epithelial barrier function and induces esophageal inflammation.
methodsImmortalized esophageal epithelial cells (EPC2) were cultured in air-liquid interface (ALI) and exposed to SDS. Barrier function/activity was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), FITC-dextran flux, and RT-PCR. Additionally, SDS-treated mouse esophageal organoids were evaluated for morphology. To investigate the effects of SDS in vivo, mice were treated with 0.5% SDS in drinking water for 14 days. Esophagi were assessed by gross morphology, histopathology, protein expression, and bulk RNA sequencing.
resultsWhen EPC2 cells were exposed to SDS (5 μg/ml) for 96 h, TEER decreased (p = 0.03), and FITC-dextran flux increased (p = 0.0002). mRNA expression of IL-33 increased 4.5-fold (p = 0.02) at 6 h and DSG1 decreased (p < 0.0001) by 72 h. Disrupted epithelial integrity was noted in SDS-treated esophageal organoids. When mice were exposed to SDS, they showed increased esophageal width, chemokine, and metalloprotease levels. Mice treated with SDS also showed increased IL-33 protein expression, basal zone hyperplasia, CD4
conclusionExposure to SDS decreases esophageal barrier integrity, stimulates IL-33 production, and promotes epithelial hyperplasia and tissue eosinophilia. Detergents may be a key environmental trigger in EoE pathogenesis.
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