ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Metabolic Characteristics and M2 Macrophage Infiltrates in Invasive Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of Fecal Microbiota and Related Metabolites Associated with Feed Efficiency in DLY Pigs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- The Dance Between Schwann Cells and Macrophages During the Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injury.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Review
- The evolution and application of multi-omic analysis for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Elucidating the causal links between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid metabolites and pituitary tumors: a Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: New Approaches in Classification, Diagnosis and Therapy.Cancers · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic differences between invasive and non-invasive nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), determine the expression of an M2 macrophage marker in NFPAs, and analyze the effects of metabolic changes in invasive NFPAs on M2 macrophage infiltrates. Methods: Tissue samples of NFPAs from patients who underwent transsphenoidal or craniotomy surgery from January 2021 to August 2021 were collected. NFPA tissues were analyzed based on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomics platform, and immunohistochemical staining for M2 macrophage marker CD206 was performed. Results: We evaluated 15 invasive and 21 non-invasive NFPAs. A total of 22 metabolites were identified through non-targeted metabolomics analysis. Among them, the expression of 1-octadecanol, inosine 5'-monophosphate, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate, creatinine, desmosterol, taurine, hypotaurine, lactic acid, and succinic acid was upregulated in invasive NFPAs, while that of 1-oleoylglycerol, arachidonic acid, cis-11-eicosenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, glyceric acid, hypoxanthine, linoleic acid, lysine, oleic acid, uracil, valine, and xanthine was downregulated. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that the number of CD206-positive cells was higher in invasive NFPAs than in non-invasive NFPAs. Conclusion: Invasive and non-invasive NFPAs showed distinct metabolite profiles. The levels of succinic acid and lactic acid were higher in invasive NFPAs, and the high expression of the M2 macrophage marker was verified in invasive NFPAs.
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