ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2022
β-Hydroxybutyrate Attenuates Painful Diabetic Neuropathy
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrocephalus-associated persistent pain: a preclinical investigation correlating brain fluid imbalance and sensory alterations.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- β-Hydroxybutyrate improves glymphatic system function and alleviates cerebral edema in mice after ischemic stroke.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Glial Triad in Diabetic Neuropathy: Central Players in Neuropathic Pain Pathogenesis and Disease-Modifying Therapeutic Avenues.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Aquaporin 4 and its isoforms regulation ameliorate AQP4 Mis-localization-induced glymphatic dysfunction in ischemic stroke.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Beyond AQP-4: convergent glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic dysfunction underlying multifactorial migraine pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Oxymatrine alleviates symptoms in high-fat diet and STZ-induced SD rats with painful diabetic neuropathy by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- New pharmacological agents and emerging therapeutic targets for painful diabetic neuropathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic system imbalance: a peripheral-to-central inflammatory bridge in perioperative neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Astrogliopathology: A core pathogenic factor in diabetic neuropathic pain.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Liquiritin ameliorates painful diabetic neuropathy in SD rats by inhibiting NLRP3-MMP-9-mediated reversal of aquaporin-4 polarity in the glymphatic system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- AQP4 is an Emerging Regulator of Pathological Pain: A Narrative Review.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- The Health-Promoting Effects and the Mechanism of Intermittent Fasting.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Review
- The Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Regulates Sirtuin-1-Mediated Neutrophil Extracellular Traps to Improve Diabetes-Induced Bone Metabolism Imbalance.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPRArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Waste removal is essential for maintaining homeostasis and the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS). The glymphatic system based on aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels on the endfeet of astrocytes is recently discovered as the excretion pathway for metabolic waste products of CNS. In the CNS, α-syntrophin (SNTA1) directly or indirectly anchors AQP4 in astrocyte membranes facing blood vessels. Studies have indicated that β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) can raise the expression of SNTA1 and thus restoring AQP4 polarity in mice models with Alzheimer's disease. The study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective mechanism of BHB in rats with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). PDN rats were modeled under a high-fat and high-glucose diet with a low dose of streptozotocin. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was applied to observe the clearance of contrast to indicate the functional variability of the spinal glymphatic system. Mechanical allodynia was assessed by paw withdrawal threshold. The expressions of SNTA1 and AQP4 were tested, and the polarity reversal of AQP4 protein was measured. As demonstrated, PDN rats were manifested with deceased contrast clearance of the spinal glymphatic system, enhanced mechanical allodynia, lower expression of SNTA1, higher expression of AQP4, and reversed polarity of AQP4 protein. An opposite change in the above characteristics was observed in rats being treated with BHB. This is the first study that demonstrated the neuroprotective mechanism of BHB to attenuate PDN
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