Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Adequacy of an Altitude Fitness Program (Living and Training) plus Intermittent Exposure to Hypoxia for Improving Hematological Biomarkers and Sports Performance of Elite Athletes: A Single-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.
Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Analysis of blood biomarkers and sports performance in crossfit athletes using the elevation training mask 2.0 post SARS-CoV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- 6-Week Supplementation withInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Inter-effort hypoxia recovery during high-intensity intermittent exercise enhances oxygen uptake at the onset of efforts while maintaining exercise tolerance.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Overdrive in Elite Sport: A Systems Model of AMPK-mTOR Oscillation, NADInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Twelve weeks of respiratory muscle training enhance respiratory function in CrossFitBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Impact of Altitude Training on Athletes' Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Periodization of altitude training: A collective case study of high-level swimmers.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Athletes incorporate altitude training programs into their conventional training to improve their performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an 8-week altitude training program that was supplemented with intermittent hypoxic training (IHE) on the blood biomarkers, sports performance, and safety profiles of elite athletes. In a single-blind randomized clinical trial that followed the CONSORT recommendations, 24 male athletes were randomized to an IHE group (HA, n = 12) or an intermittent normoxia group (NA, n = 12). The IHE consisted of 5-min cycles of hypoxia−normoxia with an FIO2 of between 10−13% for 90 min every day for 8 weeks. Hematological (red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, hematocrit, reticulated hemoglobin, reticulocytes, and erythropoietin), immunological (leukocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes), and renal (urea, creatinine, glomerular filtrate, and total protein) biomarkers were assessed at the baseline (T1), day 28 (T2), and day 56 (T3). Sports performance was evaluated at T1 and T3 by measuring quadriceps strength and using three-time trials over the distances of 60, 400, and 1000 m on an athletics track. Statistically significant increases (p < 0.05) in erythropoietin, reticulocytes, hemoglobin, and reticulocyte hemoglobin were observed in the HA group at T3 with respect to T1 and the NA group. In addition, statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) were achieved in all performance tests. No variations were observed in the immunological or renal biomarkers. The athletes who were living and training at 1065 m and were supplemented with IHE produced significant improvements in their hematological behavior and sports performance with optimal safety profiles.
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