SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Health Effects of Electronic Cigarettes: An Umbrella Review and Methodological Considerations.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impacts of e-cigarette flavours: An overview of systematic reviews.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Chemical Profiles and Toxicity of Electronic Cigarettes: An Umbrella Review and Methodological Considerations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of e-cigarette use and its association with knowledge and attitudes among palestinian medical students and physicians: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- E-cigarette Duration and Incident COPD Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Older with a Smoking History.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence, perceptions, and mental health impacts of e-cigarette use in adults in outpatient settings.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Mental health matters? An examination of how anxiety and depression influence the alcohol-e-cigarette use relationship.Addictive behaviors · 2026Article
- Reasons for not using e-cigarettes among adults who smoke: findings from the 2019-2021 Euromonitor International's Voice of the Consumer: Nicotine Survey in 20 countries.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Development of Survey Measures of Uncontrolled Vaping and Vaping Restraint.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Exploring youth vaping in New Zealand intermediate and high schools: a mixed-methods study protocol.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify Engagement-Driving Features in Vaping-Related TikTok Videos: Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Beliefs and intention to use e-cigarettes among university students in Dhaka city of Bangladesh: a qualitative exploration.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Toxicological Effects of Hydroxyacetone - A Reaction Product in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Nicotine and cannabis vaping among early high school adolescents: Disparities of use across sociodemographic characteristics and associations with psychosocial factors.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Characteristics of nicotine product use, perceptions of dependence, and passive exposure among first-year university students in Brazil.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2025Article
- Patterns of Use of e-Cigarettes and Their Respiratory Effects: A Critical Umbrella Review.Tobacco use insights · 2025Review
- Scoping of Policy Impacts for Regulating E-cigarettes (SPIRE): findings from a data and decision analytic model mapping project.NIHR open research · 2025Article
- Prevalence and correlates of negative side effects from vaping nicotine: Findings from the 2020 ITC four country smoking and vaping survey.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Assessing biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens associated with combustible cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, and heated tobacco products: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
E-cigarettes are often marketed as a safer alternative to combustible cigarettes. However, their health effects, especially those associated with long-term use, remain largely uncertain. We conducted an umbrella review of the cardiopulmonary and carcinogenic risks of e-cigarette use, distinguishing between short-term and long-term health effects. The search for systematic reviews was conducted across four electronic databases through 25 January 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 quality appraisal tool. Seventeen systematic reviews, including five meta-analyses, were included in our umbrella review. There was a clear underreporting of e-cigarette devices and e-liquid types, e-cigarette and cigarette exposure, and the health and smoking status of study participants. Overall, the findings suggest that short-term use of e-cigarettes may be associated with acute cardiopulmonary risks, although to a lesser extent than cigarette use. Long-term e-cigarette use may have pulmonary/respiratory benefits in those who switch from chronic cigarette smoking, particularly in individuals with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Evidence on intermediate and long-term carcinogenic effects is lacking. This umbrella review underscores the urgent need for systematic reviews with better adherence to established reporting guidelines, consistent definitions of duration of e-cigarette use, a focus on newer devices, and accounting for the impacts of former or current smoking.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.