ArticleEuropean journal of endocrinology2022
Non-invasive assessment of tissue sodium content in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency.
Article in European journal of endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantification of the Tissue Sodium Concentration in the Human Calf at 7T With Reduced Acquisition Time: Influence of the Nominal Spatial Resolution.NMR in biomedicine · 2026Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging determination of tissue sodium across the CKD spectrum-associations and implications for health.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Overview and progress of X-nuclei magnetic resonance imaging in biomedical studies.Magnetic resonance letters · 2023Review
- Addison's Disease: Diagnosis and Management Strategies.International journal of general medicine · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Replacement therapy in primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) with corticosteroids modulates sodium homeostasis. Serum sodium is, however, prone to osmotic shifts induced by several additional factors besides corticosteroids and does not always reliably reflect treatment quality. Non-osmotic tissue storage can be visualized by sodium MRI (23Na-MRI) and might better reflect corticosteroid activity. Design: Longitudinal study of 8 patients with newly diagnosed PAI and cross-sectional study in 22 patients with chronic PAI is reported here. Comparison was made with matched healthy controls. Methods: Using a 23Na-MRI protocol on a 3T scanner, relative sodium signal intensities (rSSI) to signal intensities of the reference vial with 100 mmol/L of sodium were determined in the muscle and skin of the lower calf. Results: In newly diagnosed patients, tissue rSSI (median, range) were reduced and significantly increased after treatment initiation reaching levels similar to healthy controls (muscle: from 0.15 (0.08, 0.18) to 0.18 (0.14, 0.27), P = 0.02; skin: from 0.12 (0.09, 0.18) to 0.18 (0.14, 0.28), P < 0.01). Muscle rSSI was significantly higher in patients with chronic PAI compared to controls (0.19 (0.14, 0.27) vs 0.16 (0.12, 0.20), P < 0.01). In chronic PAI, skin rSSI significantly correlated with plasma renin concentration. Conclusion: 23Na-MRI provides an additional insight into sodium homeostasis, and thus the quality of replacement therapy in PAI, as tissue sodium significantly changes once therapy is initiated. The increased tissue sodium in patients with chronic PAI might be an indication of over-replacement.
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