ReviewCancers2022
The Effect of the Gut Microbiota on Systemic and Anti-Tumor Immunity and Response to Systemic Therapy against Cancer.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiome and Response to Therapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.Oncology research · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis reveals enrichment of pro-inflammatory and bacterial immunity-modulating taxa in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Food-Derived Limosilactobacillus fermentum GR-3 Enhances Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Efficacy.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Dynamic effects of radioactive iodine therapy on gut microbiota and metabolites in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Modeling cancer with bacteria-integrated tumor microenvironments using biomaterials: Emerging concepts and opportunities.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Association between antibiotic use, immune-related adverse events, and efficacy of immunotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Schisandrin B Exerts Radiosensitizing Effects on Breast Cancer via Dual Mechanisms of Cell Cycle/DNA Repair and Gut Microbiota-Immune Axis Modulation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Current Understanding of Probiotic Strains and Immune Function: From Gut Microbiota to Systemic Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms of immune evasion, biomarkers, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Serum Trimethylamine-International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation plus immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the phase 1 PERFORM trial.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- The gut-brain axis: role of gut microbiota in neurological disease pathogenesis and pharmacotherapeutics.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Microbiome modulation of tumorigenesis and immune responses.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- The gut-skin axis in melanoma: from microbial regulatory mechanisms to clinical translation for precision management.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Exploring Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Potential Benefits, Associated Risks, and Challenges in Cancer Treatment.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Review
- Gut microbiota and endometrial cancer: research progress on the pathogenesis and application.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Beyond the tumor: the gut microbiome as a key player in immunotherapy efficacy and resistance.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- The Gut Microbiome Role in Multiple Myeloma: Emerging Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities.Hematology reports · 2025Review
- Enhancing melanoma treatment through systemic delivery of an immune boosting Staphylococcus epidermidis strain.Scientific reports · 2025Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gut microbiota can have opposing functions from pro-tumorigenic to anti-tumorigenic effects. Increasing preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota affects cancer patients' response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) immunotherapy, such as anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). Microbiota-induced inflammation possibly contributes to tumor growth and cancer development. Microbiota-derived metabolites can also be converted to carcinogenic agents related to genetic mutations and DNA damage in organs such as the colon. However, other attributes of microbiota, such as greater diversity and specific bacterial species and their metabolites, are linked to better clinical outcomes and potentially improved anti-tumor immunity. In addition, the intratumoral microbial composition strongly affects T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity and anti-tumor immune surveillance, adding more complexity to the cancer-microbiome-immune axis. Despite the emerging clinical evidence for the activity of the gut microbiota in immuno-oncology, the fundamental mechanisms of such activity are not well understood. This review provides an overview of underlying mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and its metabolites enhance or suppress anti-tumor immune responses. Understanding such mechanisms allows for better design of microbiome-specific treatment strategies to improve the clinical outcome in cancer patients undergoing systemic therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.