ReviewBiomedicines2022
The Immunotherapy and Immunosuppressive Signaling in Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combinations of treatments based on radiotherapy or radionuclides to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in advanced prostate cancer: a systematic review.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Phase II Trial of Pembrolizumab and Anti-CD3 x Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-Armed Activated T Cells in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2023Trial
- Review
- Cancer Vaccines in Genitourinary Malignancies: Current Advances and Future Directions.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Targeting PKMYT1 enhances antitumor immune responses to PD-L1 blockade in castration-resistant prostate cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Biochemical Insights into Prostate-Specific Antigen: From Biomarker to Functional Mediator in Prostate Cancer Pathophysiology.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Integrative bulk and single-cell transcriptomics link EZH2 to immunosuppressive programs and tumor-Treg crosstalk in castration-resistant prostate cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment-mediated immune evasion and resistance in prostate cancer: mechanisms, cross-talk, and therapeutic opportunities.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Construction and application of a humanized mouse model for prostate cancer in immunotherapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Leveraging Synergy: A Review of the Therapeutic Potential of SN-38 and Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Breast and Prostate Cancer Treatment.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Dynamic Reprogramming of Immune-Related Signaling During Progression to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer.Cancers · 2025Article
- Blocking secretion of exosomes by GW4869 dampens CD8Human cell · 2025Article
- In-silico analysis unveiling the role of cancer stem cells in immunotherapy resistance of immune checkpoint-high pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Identification of BIRC5 and HMMR as prognostic biomarkers for immune infiltration in prostate cancer.Translational andrology and urology · 2024Article
- IL-17RA/CTSK axis mediates H. pylori-induced castration-resistant prostate cancer growth.Oncogene · 2024Article
- Enhancing Radiotherapy Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer with Lentinan-Functionalized Selenium Nanoparticles: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in cancer: Interplay, modulation, and therapeutic avenues.Non-coding RNA research · 2024Review
- Developments in radionanotheranostic strategies for precision diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. Initially, it is androgen-dependent, but it eventually develops into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is incurable with current androgen receptor signaling target therapy and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy, specifically with immune checkpoint inhibitors, has brought hope for the treatment of this type of prostate cancer. Approaches such as vaccines, adoptive chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been employed to activate innate and adaptive immune responses to treat prostate cancer, but with limited success. Only Sipuleucel-T and the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab are approved by the US FDA for the treatment of limited prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer has a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) in which various immunosuppressive molecules and mechanisms coexist and interact. Additionally, prostate cancer is considered a "cold" tumor with low levels of tumor mutational burden, low amounts of antigen-presenting and cytotoxic T-cell activation, and high levels of immunosuppressive molecules including cytokines/chemokines. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of immunosuppressive signaling activation and immune evasion will help develop more effective treatments for prostate cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize emerging advances in prostate cancer immunotherapy, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms that lead to immune evasion in prostate cancer. At the same time, we also highlight some potential therapeutic targets to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.