ArticleBiomedicines2022
Human Primary Astrocytes Differently Respond to Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Stimuli.
Article in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis of Brain Volumetric Abnormalities in Patients with Remitted Major Depressive Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2024Pooled it
- Review
- The Gut Microbiota-Astrocyte Axis: New Insights into the Mechanisms of Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Cross-link Between CircRNAs and Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Engineering RVG-modified exosomes for targeting TGF-β1 signaling in stroke recovery.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Chronic Neuroplasticity Changes Following Neurotropic Viral Infection: Mechanisms and Implications.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Natural Neuroinflammatory Modulators: Therapeutic Potential of Fungi-Derived Compounds in Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Polyphenols in the Central Nervous System: Cellular Effects and Liposomal Delivery Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Decoding Health: Exploring Essential Biomarkers Linked to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Virus-induced brain pathology and the neuroinflammation-inflammation continuum: the neurochemists view.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- An Overview of Multiple Sclerosis In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Loss of Mitochondrial Tusc2/Fus1 Triggers a Brain Pro-Inflammatory Microenvironment and Early Spatial Memory Impairment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Brain clearance of protein aggregates: a close-up on astrocytes.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2024Review
- B cells and the stressed brain: emerging evidence of neuroimmune interactions in the context of psychosocial stress and major depression.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Dietary Polyphenols Decrease Chemokine Release by Human Primary Astrocytes Responding to Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Astrocyte-Derived Exosomes Differentially Shape T Cells' Immune Response in MS Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Impact of gut-brain interaction in emerging neurological disorders.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For a long time, astrocytes were considered a passive brain cell population. However, recently, many studies have shown that their role in the central nervous system (CNS) is more active. Previously, it was stated that there are two main functional phenotypes of astrocytes. However, nowadays, it is clear that there is rather a broad spectrum of these phenotypes. The major goal of this study was to evaluate the production of some inflammatory chemokines and neurotrophic factors by primary human astrocytes after pro- or anti-inflammatory stimulation. We observed that only astrocytes induced by inflammatory mediators TNFα/IL-1a/C1q produced CXCL10, CCL1, and CXCL13 chemokines. Unstimulated astrocytes and those cultured with anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, or TGF-β1) did not produce these chemokines. Interestingly, astrocytes cultured in proinflammatory conditions significantly decreased the release of neurotrophic factor PDGF-A, as compared to unstimulated astrocytes. However, in response to anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β1, astrocytes significantly increased PDGF-A production compared to the medium alone. The production of another studied neurotrophic factor BDNF was not influenced by pro- or anti-inflammatory stimulation. The secretory response was accompanied by changes in HLA-DR, CD83, and GFAP expression. Our study confirms that astrocytes differentially respond to pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli, especially to inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1a, and C1q, suggesting their role in leukocyte recruitment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.