Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35891517›Full record

ArticleViruses2022

Development and Clinical Applications of a 5-Plex Real-Time RT-PCR for Swine Enteric Coronaviruses.

Jin-Hui Zhu, Gaurav Rawal, Ethan Aljets, Wannarat Yim-Im, Yong-Le Yang, Yao-Wei Huang, Karen Krueger, Phillip Gauger, Rodger Main, Jianqiang Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Suidae Coronaviruses: Epidemiology, Transmission, and Molecular Diagnosis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Review
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  14. Article
  15. Research Advances on Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jin-Hui ZhuDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Gaurav RawalDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3753-6119
Ethan AljetsDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Wannarat Yim-ImDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0812-5708
Yong-Le YangDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3266-8019
Yao-Wei HuangDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9755-8411
Karen KruegerDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Phillip GaugerDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2540-8769
Rodger MainDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Jianqiang ZhangDepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7228-6202
Iowa State University · USZhejiang University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A PEDV/PDCoV/TGEV/SADS-CoV/XIPC 5-plex real-time RT-PCR was developed and validated for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of four swine enteric coronaviruses (PEDV, PDCoV, TGEV and SADS-CoV) in one PCR reaction (XIPC serves as an exogenous internal positive control). The 5-plex PCR had excellent analytical specificity, analytical sensitivity, and repeatability based on the testing of various viral and bacterial pathogens, serial dilutions of virus isolates, and in vitro transcribed RNAs. The 5-plex PCR had comparable diagnostic performance to a commercial PEDV/TGEV/PDCoV reference PCR, based on the testing of 219 clinical samples. Subsequently, 1807 clinical samples collected from various U.S. states during 2019-2021 were tested by the 5-plex PCR to investigate the presence of SADS-CoV in U.S. swine and the frequency of detecting swine enteric CoVs. All 1807 samples tested negative for SADS-CoV. Among the samples positive for swine enteric CoVs, there was a low frequency of detecting TGEV, an intermediate frequency of detecting PDCoV, and a high frequency of detecting PEDV. Although there is no evidence of SADS-CoV presence in the U.S. at present, the availability of the 5-plex PCR will enable us to conduct ongoing surveillance to detect and differentiate these viruses in swine samples and other host species samples as some of these coronaviruses can cause cross-species infection.

Indexed as

CoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsPorcine epidemic diarrhea virusSwine DiseasesAlphacoronavirusAnimalsFecesReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSwine5-plex real-time RT-PCRPDCoVPEDVSADS-CoVswine enteric coronavirusTGEV

Identifiers

PMID35891517
PMCPMC9324624
OpenAlexW4285595418

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.