Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35890231›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2022

A Single Domain Shark Antibody Targeting the Transferrin Receptor 1 Delivers a TrkB Agonist Antibody to the Brain and Provides Full Neuroprotection in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Emily Clarke, Pawel Stocki, Elizabeth H Sinclair, Aziz Gauhar, Edward J R Fletcher, Alicja Krawczun-Rygmaczewska, Susan Duty, Frank S Walsh, Patrick Doherty, Julia Lynn Rutkowski

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Antibody-Based Biologics for CNS Disorders.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. The Evolving Applications of Bispecific Antibodies: Reaping the Harvest of Early Sowing and Planting New Seeds.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Recombinant Antibody Fragments for Immunotherapy of Parkinson's Disease.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Emily ClarkeKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Disease, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
Pawel StockiOssianix, Inc., Gunnels Wood Rd., Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK.
Elizabeth H SinclairOssianix, Inc., Gunnels Wood Rd., Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK.
Aziz GauharOssianix, Inc., Gunnels Wood Rd., Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK.
Edward J R FletcherKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Disease, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
Alicja Krawczun-RygmaczewskaKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Disease, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
Susan DutyKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Disease, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
Frank S WalshOssianix, Inc., Gunnels Wood Rd., Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK.
Patrick DohertyKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Disease, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
Julia Lynn RutkowskiOssianix, Inc., Gunnels Wood Rd., Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK.
King's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Single domain shark antibodies that bind to the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) on brain endothelial cells have been used to shuttle antibodies and other cargos across the blood brain barrier (BBB) to the brain. For these studies the TXB4 brain shuttle was fused to a TrkB neurotrophin receptor agonist antibody. The TXB4-TrkB fusion retained potent agonist activity at its cognate receptor and after systemic administration showed a 12-fold increase in brain levels over the unmodified antibody. Only the TXB4-TrkB antibody fusion was detected within the brain and localized to TrkB positive cells in the cortex and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), where it was associated with activated ERK1/2 signaling. When tested in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD), TXB4-TrkB, but not the unmodified antibody, completely prevented the 6-OHDA induced death of TH positive neurons in the SNc. In conclusion, the fusion of the TXB4 brain shuttle allows a TrkB agonist antibody to reach neuroprotective concentrations in the brain parenchyma following systemic administration.

Indexed as

6-OHDAagonist antibodyblood-brain barrier (BBB)neuroprotectionParkinson’s diseasetransferrin receptor 1 (TfR1)TrkBvariable new antigen receptor (VNAR)

Identifiers

PMID35890231
PMCPMC9318160
OpenAlexW4283587158

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.