ReviewNutrients2022
Amino Acids, B Vitamins, and Choline May Independently and Collaboratively Influence the Incidence and Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Review in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Choline and Its Companions: Inter-Related Roles of Choline and B Vitamins in Fetal Development and Offspring Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Causal effects of single-carbon metabolism and vitamin levels on autism spectrum disorder risk: a bidirectional Mendelian randomized study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Folate in autism neurodevelopment.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome dynamics in autism: a prospective nested case-control study demonstrates microbial-clinical associations following rehabilitation interventions.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Efficacy of vitamin/mineral supplement on children with Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- Microbial genetic composition regulates host social behavior.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Vitamins, Vascular Health and Disease.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Efficacy of sialic acid supplementation in early life in autism model rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nutritional Intake and Sensory Processing in School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Autism Spectrum Disorder: parents' experience from a middle-income European country.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Plasma vitamin levels and pathway analysis in boys with autism spectrum disorders.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Metabolomic changes in children with autism.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2024Article
- A Clinical Study of Urine Amino Acids in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Inferring the genetic effects of serum homocysteine and vitamin B levels on autism spectral disorder through Mendelian randomization.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Plasma Amino Acid Profile in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Southern China: Analysis of 110 Cases.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Epigenetic Genome Modifications during Pregnancy: The Impact of Essential Nutritional Supplements on DNA Methylation.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Exploring the Interrelationships between Diabetes, Nutrition, Anxiety, and Depression: Implications for Treatment and Prevention Strategies.Nutrients · 2023Review
- The Role of Choline in Neurodevelopmental Disorders-A Narrative Review Focusing on ASC, ADHD and Dyslexia.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: Neurodevelopmental Risk Factors, Biological Mechanism, and Precision Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder of variable severity, characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior. In 2018, the incidence of ASD was 2.4 times higher than estimated in 2000. Behavior and brain development abnormalities are present in the complex disorder of ASD. Nutritional status plays a key role in the incidence and severity of the core symptoms of ASD. The aim of this study was to review the available peer-reviewed studies that evaluated the relationship between amino acids, choline, B vitamins, and ASD incidence and/or severity of symptoms. Through examining plasma profiles, urine samples, and dietary intake, researchers found that low choline, abnormal amino acid, and low B vitamin levels were present in children with ASD compared to those without ASD. The evidence supports the need for future research that implements simultaneous supplementation of all essential nutrients in individuals with ASD and among prenatal mothers. Future evidence could lead to scientific breakthroughs, ultimately reducing the rates of ASD incidence and severity of symptoms by applying nutritional interventions in at-risk populations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.