ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Scalable Production of Extracellular Vesicles and Its Therapeutic Values: A Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Conserved and Tissue-Specific RNA and Protein Cargos of Small Extracellular Vesicles From 120 Tissue Sites Across 34 Organs in a Single Pig.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in targeted drug delivery: from biological functions to surface engineering.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in erectile dysfunction: a narrative review of multicellular regulation.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- Bystander Effect Induced by Electrical Stimulation Promotes N2a Differentiation Through Interleukin-6.Biosensors · 2026Article
- A Scalable Bioreactor Platform for Reproducible Production and Characterization of Ovarian Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Engineering extracellular vesicle biogenesis for therapeutic gene delivery: emerging genetic programming strategies and translational prospects.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Engineered extracellular vesicles for combinatorial cancer therapy and imaging.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Poxviruses Induce the Secretion of Immunostimulating and Anti-Tumoral Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- The Molecular Basis of Partial Reversal or Significant Slowing of ALS, Parkinson's Disease, and Lewy Body Dementia by Mesenchymal Exosomes/Secretome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Plant-Derived Nanovesicles: A Comprehensive Review from Isolation to Clinical Translation-Unlocking Natural Nanocarriers for Biomedical Applications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Engineering Extracellular Vesicle Production Through Magnetic Ion Channel Activation for Bone Regeneration.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Regenerative therapeutics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Facilitate the Crosstalk Between High Glucose-Stimulated Mesangial Cells and Healthy Podocytes to Mediate Injury Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The avatar principle: exosomal dynamics guiding tumor adaptation and next-generation therapeutic strategies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Characterization, Preconditioning, Safety, and Other Issues of MSC-Derived EVs and Secretome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exercise-derived exosomes: molecular mediators of systemic health and disease therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Antibody-Targeted Artificial T Cell and Natural Killer Cell Derived Vesicles for Cancer Immunotherapy.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Designing nucleic acid-based therapeutics for cancer treatment: Updates on the state of the art.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in musculoskeletal regeneration: mechanisms, applications, and future prospects.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minute vesicles with lipid bilayer membranes. EVs are secreted by cells for intercellular communication. Recently, EVs have received much attention, as they are rich in biological components such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that play essential roles in tissue regeneration and disease modification. In addition, EVs can be developed as vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases, as the vesicle membrane has an abundance of antigenic determinants and virulent factors. EVs for therapeutic applications are typically collected from conditioned media of cultured cells. However, the number of EVs secreted by the cells is limited. Thus, it is critical to devise new strategies for the large-scale production of EVs. Here, we discussed the strategies utilized by researchers for the scalable production of EVs. Techniques such as bioreactors, mechanical stimulation, electrical stimulation, thermal stimulation, magnetic field stimulation, topographic clue, hypoxia, serum deprivation, pH modification, exposure to small molecules, exposure to nanoparticles, increasing the intracellular calcium concentration, and genetic modification have been used to improve the secretion of EVs by cultured cells. In addition, nitrogen cavitation, porous membrane extrusion, and sonication have been utilized to prepare EV-mimetic nanovesicles that share many characteristics with naturally secreted EVs. Apart from inducing EV production, these upscaling interventions have also been reported to modify the EVs' cargo and thus their functionality and therapeutic potential. In summary, it is imperative to identify a reliable upscaling technique that can produce large quantities of EVs consistently. Ideally, the produced EVs should also possess cargo with improved therapeutic potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.