ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
A Recap of Heme Metabolism towards Understanding Protoporphyrin IX Selectivity in Cancer Cells.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design Strategies for Developing Chiral Macrocyclic Chelators as a Diagnostic Tool.Accounts of chemical research · 2026Article
- ALR couples IMS redox and heme biosynthesis beyond the disulfide relay.Science advances · 2026Article
- The Queen and the Dark Twin: Heme, Protoporphyrin IX, and State Transitions in Liver Metabolism.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Porphyromonas gingivalis produces a functional HemH ferrochelatase important for its survival in a heme-limited environment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Infrared Photobiomodulation Modulates PpIX Production After Topical Methyl Aminolevulinate in Normal Human Skin: An Exploratory Study.Journal of biophotonics · 2026Article
- Emerging uses of 5-aminolevulinic-acid-induced protoporphyrin IX in medicine: a review of multifaceted, ubiquitous, molecular diagnostic, therapeutic, and theranostic opportunities.Journal of biomedical optics · 2025Review
- Integrating mass spectrometry and hyperspectral imaging for protoporphyrin IX detection in malignant glioma tissue.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Combined Photodynamic Therapy and Chemotherapy Using Local Intra-Arterial Intratumoral Administration of Chlorin e6 and Cisplatin: First Clinical Observations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) Plays an Important Role in the Function of Innate Immune Cells.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Advances in Photodynamic Treatment of Precancerous and Cancerous Gynecological Diseases.Cancers · 2025Review
- Photodynamic therapy could serve as a promising approach to prevent posterior capsular opacification.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Review
- The Role of Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Natural Photosensitisers in the Management of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Exploring heme and iron acquisition strategies of Porphyromonas gingivalis-current facts and hypotheses.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- HmuY proteins of theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Antitumor efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based radiodynamic therapy under single-dose X-ray irradiation in colon cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Defining the role of Hmu and Hus systems in Porphyromonas gingivalis heme and iron homeostasis and virulence.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review of Clinically Assessed Molecular Fluorophores for Intraoperative Image Guided Surgery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Role of Changes in the Redox Status in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Review
- Effect of combined blue light and 5-ALA on mitochondrial functions and cellular responses in B16F1 melanoma and HaCaT cells.Cytotechnology · 2024Article
- Roles of the ABCG2 Transporter in Protoporphyrin IX Distribution and Toxicity.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles of mammalian cells, often emphasized for their function in energy production, iron metabolism and apoptosis as well as heme synthesis. The heme is an iron-loaded porphyrin behaving as a prosthetic group by its interactions with a wide variety of proteins. These complexes are termed hemoproteins and are usually vital to the whole cell comportment, such as the proteins hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochromes, but also enzymes such as catalase and peroxidases. The building block of porphyrins is the 5-aminolevulinic acid, whose exogenous administration is able to stimulate the entire heme biosynthesis route. In neoplastic cells, this methodology repeatedly demonstrated an accumulation of the ultimate heme precursor, the fluorescent protoporphyrin IX photosensitizer, rather than in healthy tissues. While manifold players have been proposed, numerous discrepancies between research studies still dispute the mechanisms underlying this selective phenomenon that yet requires intensive investigations. In particular, we wonder what are the respective involvements of enzymes and transporters in protoporphyrin IX accretion. Is this mainly due to a boost in protoporphyrin IX anabolism along with a drop of its catabolism, or are its transporters deregulated? Additionally, can we truly expect to find a universal model to explain this selectivity? In this report, we aim to provide our peers with an overview of the currently known mitochondrial heme metabolism and approaches that could explain, at least partly, the mechanism of protoporphyrin IX selectivity towards cancer cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.