ArticleInsects2022
Effectiveness of Herbal Essential Oils as Single and Combined Repellents against
Article in Insects, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Shrubs and trees as natural insect protection for grazing animals in Switzerland and the alpine region: A systematic review of in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2026Pooled it
- The potential of essential oils as mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) bio-repellents: a systematic review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Pooled it
- Correction: Sutthanont et al. Effectiveness of Herbal Essential Oils as Single and Combined Repellents AgainstInsects · 2026Article
- Article
- Repellent efficacy of water-balm formulation againstCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
- Design and Evaluation of a Multicomponent Herbal Nanogel for Mosquito Repellency: An Integrated In Silico Experimental Approach AgainstJournal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Formulation and evaluation of topical essential oil lotion as repellent againstCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
- Chemical Composition and Biological Activities ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Potential of emodepside for vector-borne disease control.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Impact of ivermectin components on Anopheles dirus and Anopheles minimus mosquito survival.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Repellent effect of local indigenous knowledge-based repellent in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand, againstHeliyon · 2023Article
- Comparative study of three herbal formulations against dengue vectorsSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Repellent Screening of Selected Plant Essential Oils Against Dengue Fever Mosquitoes Using Behavior Bioassays.Neotropical entomology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mosquito repellents reduce human-vector contact of vector-borne diseases. We compared the repellent activity of 10 undiluted essential oils (anise, basil, bergamot, coriander, patchouli, peppermint, petitgrain, rosemary, sage and vetiver) against A. aegypti, A. dirus and C. quinquefasciatus using the arm-in-cage method. Petitgrain oil was the most effective against A. aegypti (270 min). Peppermint oil was the most effective against A. dirus (180 min). Interestingly, all single oils had attributes of repellency against C. quinquefasciatus (ranged, 120−360 min). Moreover, we integrated their binary combinations of highly effective essential oils against A. aegypti and A. dirus to potentially increase the protection time. A 1:1 combination of petitgrain/basil, petitgrain/coriander, basil/coriander and basil/sage reduced the median complete-protection time of 150 min for A. aegypti; a combination of sage and patchouli oils prolonged the median complete-protection time of 270 min for A. dirus. Combining essential oils effect protection time from these two mosquito species.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.