Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35886480›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale for Chinese University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Wanqiu Yang, Peng Li, Yubo Huang, Xiao Yang, Wei Mu, Wangwei Jing, Xiaohong Ma, Xiangyang Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Validation of the Canadian English and French Versions of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale in Quebec Nursing Staff.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Wanqiu YangThe Mental Health Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Peng LiFaculty of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
Yubo HuangThe Mental Health Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Xiao YangKunming Psychiatric Hospital, Kunming 650225, China.
Wei MuThe Mental Health Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Wangwei JingKunming Psychiatric Hospital, Kunming 650225, China.
Xiaohong MaWest China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China.
Xiangyang ZhangCAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Yunnan University · CNInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNWest China Hospital of Sichuan University · CNYunnan Normal University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundfear of COVID-19 is widespread among the population, especially among college students because of their increased exposure to the media information overload of the COVID-19 outbreak. The Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19 S) is a relatively short instrument used to evaluate fears surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the validity and reliability of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale have not been fully investigated in Chinese university student groups.

objectivesthis study assessed the cross-cultural adaptability and reliability of the FCV-19S for Chinese university students.

methodsa Chinese version of Fear of COVID-19 Scale (C-FCV-19S) was generated using the translation-backward translation method. Psychometric properties of the C-FCV-19S, including internal consistency, split-half reliability, construct reliability, convergent validity, and diagnostic accuracy, were evaluated. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) scales were also used to evaluate participants for depression and anxiety.

resultsthe C-FCV-19S has acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.872) and satisfactory split-half reliability (correlation coefficient: 0.799). Using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), we examined the construct reliability (KMO = 0.920). The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed that the bifactor model of scale (including general factor, factor1: the awareness of COVID-19 and physiological arousal, factor 2: fear-related thinking) had a good fit index (χ2/df =6.18, RMSEA= 0.067, SRMR = 0.028, GFI = 0.986, TLI = 0.970 and CFI= 0.988). Using depression-positive and anxiety-positive scores as reference criteria, we found that the areas under the curve were 0.70 and 0.68, respectively, and that the optimal cutoff scores of the C-FCV-19S was 17.5 (sensitivity: 66.3% and 58.7%, respectively).

conclusionsthe validity and reliability of C-FCV-19S are satisfactory, and the optimal cutoff point was 17.5. The C-FCV-19S can be applied adopted in Chinese university students.

Indexed as

COVID-19ChinaCross-Cultural ComparisonCross-Sectional StudiesFearHumansPandemicsPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsStudentsUniversitiesChinese university studentsCOVID-19reliabilitythe Fear of COVID-19 Scalevalidity

Identifiers

PMID35886480
PMCPMC9320396
OpenAlexW4285733348

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.