Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35886332›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Post-Crash First Response by Traffic Police in Nepal: A Feasibility Study.

Gary Smart, Amrit Banstola, Raju Raut, Krishna Ghimire, Julie Mytton, Elisha Joshi, Sunil Joshi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Gary SmartFaculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8578-0661
Amrit BanstolaDivision of Global Public Health, Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3185-9638
Raju RautNepal Red Cross Society, First Aid Division, Kathmandu 44614, Nepal.
Krishna GhimireNepal Red Cross Society, First Aid Division, Kathmandu 44614, Nepal.
Julie MyttonFaculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK.
Elisha JoshiNepal Injury Research Centre, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
Sunil JoshiNepal Injury Research Centre, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
Kathmandu University · NPNepal Red Cross Society · NPUniversity of the West of England · GBBrunel University of London · GB

Funding

Department of Health 16/137/49
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRoad traffic injuries are a significant and increasing public health burden in Nepal, but there is no national coverage of regulated and standardized emergency medical service systems. Therefore, this study was designed to develop a first responder trauma training program for the Nepal traffic police and to evaluate the feasibility of its delivery and follow up.

methodsA training needs assessment with traffic-police officers in a single district of Nepal informed the development of a 3-day first-response course which was provided to officers in May 2019. Participants were supplied with a trauma-pack and asked to complete a report form when first-responder skills were used. Knowledge and confidence face-to-face surveys were used before and after training to assess learning, and were repeated at 6 months to assess retention of knowledge. The surveys at 6 months assessed the factors affecting application of first response skills.

resultsMost (97%) participants believed giving first-aid was part of their responsibilities and 95% had experience of transporting road crash victims to hospital with a range of injuries. Low levels of first-aid training and variable course content were reported. Knowledge and confidence scores improved post-intervention but were reduced at 6-months. During attendance at 303 road crashes in the 6-months follow-up period, 44% of the participants self-reported using at least one skill from the course; applying them on 92 occasions. Incident report-forms were frequently not completed. Barriers to providing treatment included: the patient already en-route to hospital when police arrived at scene; resistance to providing care from relatives or bystanders; and competing police duties (e.g., traffic management).

conclusionsDelivering a first-response training program for traffic-police in Nepal is feasible. Knowledge was retained and used, and skills were in frequent demand. A study of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness appears warranted to determine if extending the training to other districts can improve outcomes in road traffic injury patients in the absence of formal emergency medical services.

Indexed as

PoliceWounds and InjuriesAccidents, TrafficFeasibility StudiesFirst AidHumansNepalfirst respondersprehospital caretraffic policetrainingtrauma

Identifiers

PMID35886332
PMCPMC9323792
OpenAlexW4285042370

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.