ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Using High-Resolution Ultrasound to Assess Post-Facial Paralysis Synkinesis-Machine Settings and Technical Aspects for Facial Surgeons.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Diagnosing facial synkinesis using artificial intelligence to advance facial palsy care.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Forehead Soft-Tissue Thickness: An Ultrasound Study.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Article
- Special Issue: Evidence-Based Diagnosis and Management of Facial Nerve Disorders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Histomorphometry of the Sural Nerve for Use as a CFNG in Facial Reanimation Procedures.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Reply to Nduka et al. Comment on "Kehrer et al. Using High-Resolution Ultrasound to Assess Post-Facial Paralysis Synkinesis-Machine Settings and Technical Aspects for Facial Surgeons.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Comment on Kehrer et al. Using High-Resolution Ultrasound to Assess Post-Facial Paralysis Synkinesis-Machine Settings and Technical Aspects for Facial Surgeons.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSynkinesis of the facial musculature is a detrimental sequalae in post-paralytic facial palsy (PPFP) patients. Detailed knowledge on the technical requirements and device properties in a high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) examination is mandatory for a reliable facial muscle assessment in PPFP patients. We therefore aimed to outline the key steps in a HRUS examination and extract an optimized workflow schema.
methodsFrom December 2020 to April 2021, 20 patients with unilateral synkinesis underwent HRUS. All HRUS examinations were performed by the first author using US devices with linear multifrequency transducers of 4-18 MHz, including a LOGIQ E9 and a LOGIQ S7 XDclear (GE Healthcare; Milwaukee, WI, USA), as well as Philips Affinity 50G (Philips Health Systems; Eindhoven, the Netherlands).
resultsHigher-frequency and multifrequency linear probes ≥15 MHz provided superior imaging qualities. The selection of the preset program Small Parts, Breast or Thyroid was linked with a more detailed contrast of the imaging morphology of facial tissue layers. Frequency (Frq) = 15 MHz, Gain (Gn) = 25-35 db, Depth (D) = 1-1.5 cm, and Focus (F) = 0.5 cm enhanced the image quality and assessability.
conclusionsAn optimized HRUS examination protocol for quantitative and qualitative facial muscle assessments was proposed.
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