ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
An Update on the General Features of Breast Cancer in Male Patients-A Literature Review.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Case report of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast in a Pakistani male aged 55.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Statins in Breast Cancer Therapy: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Evidence.Cancer innovation · 2026Review
- Article
- The Effect of Clinicopathological Features and Postoperative Management on Prognosis in Male Breast Cancer.The breast journal · 2026Article
- Omega-3 fatty acids improves tamoxifen-induced sexual dysfunction in male Wistar rats by modulating NO/cGMP signaling and monoamine neurotransmitters activities.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- A case report of male breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery.International journal of surgery case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatments of Interest in Male Breast Cancer: An Umbrella Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Androgen receptor signalling in non-prostatic malignancies: challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Male accessory breast carcinoma: a rare case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive review of male breast cancer: Understanding a rare condition.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Article
- Breast cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors and screening.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2023Article
- Establishment of Prognostic Nomogram for Male Breast Cancer Patients: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Database Analysis.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Male breast cancers are uncommon, as men account for less than 1 percent of all breast carcinomas. Among the predisposing risk factors for male breast cancer, the following appear to be significant: (a) breast/chest radiation exposure, (b) estrogen use, diseases associated with hyper-estrogenism, such as cirrhosis or Klinefelter syndrome, and (c) family health history. Furthermore, there are clear familial tendencies, with a higher incidence among men who have a large number of female relatives with breast cancer and (d) major inheritance susceptibility. Moreover, in families with BRCA mutations, there is an increased risk of male breast cancer, although the risk appears to be greater with inherited BRCA2 mutations than with inherited BRCA1 mutations. Due to diagnostic delays, male breast cancer is more likely to present at an advanced stage. A core biopsy or a fine needle aspiration must be performed to confirm suspicious findings. Infiltrating ductal cancer is the most prevalent form of male breast cancer, while invasive lobular carcinoma is extremely uncommon. Male breast cancer is almost always positive for hormone receptors. A worse prognosis is associated with a more advanced stage at diagnosis for men with breast cancer. Randomized controlled trials which recruit both female and male patients should be developed in order to gain more consistent data on the optimal clinical approach.
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