ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
The Matrix Effect in the RT-PCR Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Saliva without RNA Extraction.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Rapid and Modular Nanobody Assay for Plug-and-Play Antigen Detection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Fecal Sample Pooling for Real-Time RT-PCR Testing SARS-CoV-2 in Animals.Viruses · 2024Article
- PACRAT: pathogen detection with aptamer-observed cascaded recombinase polymerase amplification-in vitro transcription.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP in saliva: enhancing the results via a combination of cooling and specimen dilution procedure.Virusdisease · 2024Article
- Saliva-based detection of SARS-CoV-2: a bibliometric analysis of global research.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- Comparative evaluation of assay performance for SARS-CoV-2 detection in animal oral samples, lung homogenates, and phosphate-buffered saline using the TaqPath COVID-19 Combo kit.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2024Article
- Domestic and wild animal samples and diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2.The veterinary quarterly · 2023Review
- Toehold switch plus signal amplification enables rapid detection.Biotechnology journal · 2023Article
- The potential of saliva as an accessible and sensitive sample type for the detection of respiratory pathogens and host immunity.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Review
- Recent advances in RNA sample preparation techniques for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and gargle.Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC · 2023Review
- Pooled RNA-extraction-free testing of saliva for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The present work focuses on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva, contributing to understanding the inhibition effect of the matrix and its influence on the results. Detection of viral genes ORF1ab, N, and E was performed by RT-PCR using saliva directly in the reaction without RNA extraction. Different amounts of saliva were spiked with increasing amounts of viral RNA from COVID-19 patients and subjected to RT-PCR detection. In parallel, 64 saliva samples from confirmed COVID-19 patients were used in two different amounts directly in the RT-PCR reaction and their results compared. The presence of saliva in the RT-PCR always causes a positive shift of the Ct values, but a very high between-person variability of its magnitude was obtained, with increases ranging from 0.93 to 11.36. Viral targets are also affected differently depending on the initial number of viral particles. Due to inhibitors present in saliva, the duplication of sample volume causes only 48 to 61% of the expected Ct value decrease depending on the viral target gene. The use of saliva has advantages, but also limitations, due to potential inhibitors present in the matrix. However, the choice of the target and the right amount of sample may significantly influence the results.
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