ReviewBiomedicines2022
The Thioredoxin System of Mammalian Cells and Its Modulators.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrating with a higher-fructose sport drink does not worsen acute kidney injury risk during simulated work-related heat stress.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Trial
- TrxR Inhibition and Nrf2-FOXO3 Modulation by Repurposed Drugs: A Redox Strategy to Reverse Cancer Multidrug Resistance.Drug development research · 2026Review
- Redox-modulation of regulated cell death: implications for synergistic anticancer therapies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Crosstalk of thioredoxin system and programmed cell death: from pathophysiology to novel therapy.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Redox signals and oxidative stress in the control of mitochondrial protein import.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Review
- Redox rewiring in glioblastoma: the thioredoxin system as a precision therapeutic target.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- An improved fluorescent indicator for monitoring intracellular redox potential.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Cell surface thiol-disulfide regulation in cancer: Mechanisms, implications, and theranostic strategies.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Biomimetic liposomes synergize with high-intensity focused ultrasound to induce ferroptosis in tumors.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Recent advances in tendon redox biology: the interplay of oxidative stress, calcium signaling, and antioxidant defence mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Human P53 Expression in Yeast: Investigating Its Apoptotic Effects.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Ad libitum drinking does not mitigate acute kidney injury risk nor elevations in markers of oxidative stress and inflammation during simulated occupational heat stress.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Article
- Involvement of the thioredoxin system in multiple diseases: A focus on mechanisms of action in autophagy and ferroptosis (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Hemocyanin controlsVirulence · 2025Article
- Agr2 in cancer and beyond: unraveling its role during protein synthesis, ER stress, and as a predictive biomarker.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- The Redox Paradox: Cancer's Double-Edged Sword for Malignancy and Therapy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cysteine Alkylation in Enzymes and Transcription Factors: A Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Redox Balance in Cancer in the Context of Tumor Prevention and Treatment.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Inhibition of Thioredoxin-Reductase by Auranofin as a Pro-Oxidant Anticancer Strategy for Glioblastoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oxidative stress involves the increased production and accumulation of free radicals, peroxides, and other metabolites that are collectively termed reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced as by-products of aerobic respiration. ROS play a significant role in cell homeostasis through redox signaling and are capable of eliciting damage to macromolecules. Multiple antioxidant defense systems have evolved to prevent dangerous ROS accumulation in the body, with the glutathione and thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase (Trx/TrxR) systems being the most important. The Trx/TrxR system has been used as a target to treat cancer through the thiol-disulfide exchange reaction mechanism that results in the reduction of a wide range of target proteins and the generation of oxidized Trx. The TrxR maintains reduced Trx levels using NADPH as a co-substrate; therefore, the system efficiently maintains cell homeostasis. Being a master regulator of oxidation-reduction processes, the Trx-dependent system is associated with cell proliferation and survival. Herein, we review the structure and catalytic properties of the Trx/TrxR system, its role in cellular signaling in connection with other redox systems, and the factors that modulate the Trx system.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.