ReviewBiomedicines2022
Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trust in Transition: Exploring Changing Trust in Vaccination in the Context of Long Covid in the United Kingdom.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Rapid Progression of Cutaneous Lymphoma Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report and Pathogenetic Insights.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Altered Circulating Cytokine Profile Among mRNA-Vaccinated Young Adults: A Year-Long Follow-Up Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- The innate immune response in SARS-CoV2 infection: focus on toll-like receptor 4 in severe disease outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Influence of previous COVID-19 exposure and vaccine type (CoronaVac, ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2) on antibody and cytokine (Th1 or Th2) responses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccine updates for people under different conditions.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Stability of gut microbiome after COVID-19 vaccination in healthy and immuno-compromised individuals.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- Whole Blood as a Sample Matrix in Homogeneous Time-Resolved Assay-Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Antibody Detection.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Causes and Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant Women and its Association with Adverse Maternal, Placental, and Perinatal Outcomes.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2024Review
- Enhancing Immunological Memory: Unveiling Booster Doses to Bolster Vaccine Efficacy Against Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Mutant Variants.Current microbiology · 2024Review
- Expression, purification and immunogenicity analyses of receptor binding domain protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from delta variant.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2024Article
- Negative impact of immunoparesis in response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination of patients with multiple myeloma.International journal of hematology · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Vaccination and Serological Profile of a Brazilian University Population.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Design and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 DNA Vaccine Encoding RBD-PVXCP Fusion Protein.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine encoding secreted non-stabilized spike in female mice.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Heterologous SARS-CoV-2 spike protein booster elicits durable and broad antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Commentary: The good vaccine, the bad virus, and the ugly inflammation.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Omicron Variants Inhibition Comparison after BNT162b2 mRNA Booster Doses with a New PETIA sVNT Assay.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines have been developed to confer immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Prior to the pandemic of COVID-19 which started in March 2020, there was a well-established understanding about the structure and pathogenesis of previously known Coronaviruses from the SARS and MERS outbreaks. In addition to this, vaccines for various Coronaviruses were available for veterinary use. This knowledge supported the creation of various vaccine platforms for SARS-CoV-2. Before COVID-19 there are no reports of a vaccine being developed in under a year and no vaccine for preventing coronavirus infection in humans had ever been developed. Approximately nine different technologies are being researched and developed at various levels in order to design an effective COVID-19 vaccine. As the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for generating substantial adaptive immune response, mostly all the vaccine candidates have been targeting the whole spike protein or epitopes of spike protein as a vaccine candidate. In this review, we have compiled the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and followed by the mechanism of action of various vaccine platforms such as mRNA vaccines, Adenoviral vectored vaccine, inactivated virus vaccines and subunit vaccines in the market. In the end we have also summarized the various adjuvants used in the COVID-19 vaccine formulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.